Yakov Dzhugashvili
Yakov was born in 1907. He saw his father only in 1921 - Joseph Vissarionovich had a new family. Relations were tense. The conflict escalated when Yakov announced his intention to marry 16-year-old Zoya Gunina. Stalin did not approve of the marriage, and regarded his son’s disobedience as a personal insult. The young man attempted suicide. After this, communication between father and son ceased. Yakov finally married Zoya, but family life did not work out from the very beginning. In 1936, he married for the second time - to the beautiful ballerina Julia Meltzer. A year later he entered the Artillery Academy of the Red Army.
At the very beginning of the war, Yakov Dzhugashvili went to the front. In July 1941, he was surrounded near Vitebsk, after which he spent two years in concentration camps. Stalin's daughter Svetlana Alliluyeva recalled: the Germans offered the Soviet leader to exchange their son for captured German officers, but he refused. “Many people have heard that Yasha was captured - the Germans used this fact for propaganda purposes. But it was known that he behaved with dignity, without succumbing to any provocations, and, accordingly, experienced cruel treatment... Perhaps it was too late, when Yasha had already died, his father felt some kind of warmth towards him and realized the injustice of his attitude towards him “,” Alliluyeva wrote in her memoirs.
Yakov Dzhugashvili with his daughter Galina, photo RIA Novosti
On April 14, 1943, Yakov Dzhugashvili rushed against the wire fences of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp, through which high voltage current passed. He died on the spot.
Svetlana Alliluyeva
Stalin's daughter from his second marriage became an orphan at the age of 6 - her mother committed suicide. The girl studied well and showed the greatest interest in literature. The father did not approve of his daughter's choice and recommended that she study the natural sciences. Svetlana graduated from the Faculty of History of Moscow State University and worked as a translator. After her father's death, she continued to work at the Institute of World Literature.
Alliluyeva had two divorces behind her. Her new chosen one was the Indian communist Raja Bradesh Singh. In the fall of 1966, he died after a serious illness, and Svetlana turned to Brezhnev with a request to allow her to travel to the homeland of her common-law husband. Instead of one week, she spent several months in India. On the eve of her expected return to Russia, Alliluyeva asked for political asylum at the US Embassy in Delhi. She moved to the States, thus abandoning her son and daughter. In the USA she published her memoirs “Twenty Letters to a Friend.” This book brought her huge profits. In 1970, the daughter of the Soviet leader married the American architect William Peters and took a new name - Lana.
In 1984, she returned to Russia, but was unable to establish relationships with her son and daughter. Then Stalin's daughter moved to Tbilisi. Two years later, she again asked for permission to travel to the United States. Svetlana Alliluyeva died on November 22, 2011 in Wisconsin.
Evgeny Dzhugashvili
The son of Yakov Dzhugashvili and Olga Golysheva graduated from the Air Force Engineering Academy named after N.E. Zhukovsky, defended his dissertation in 1973. At the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR named after K. E. Voroshilov, he taught the history of wars. In 1996, he became chairman of the Georgian Society of Ideological Heirs of Joseph Stalin. The society was created with funds from one of the local businessmen. Five years later, Yevgeny Dzhugashvili announced the creation of the New Communist Party in Georgia, but did not achieve success in the political field.
Several lawsuits are associated with his name. For example, in 2009, he filed a claim for protection of honor and dignity and compensation for moral damage against Novaya Gazeta and journalist Anatoly Yablokov. The reason for the lawsuit was the following phrase published in an article in Novaya Gazeta: “Stalin and the Chekists are tied with great blood, grave crimes, primarily against their own people.” In 2010, Dzhugashvili filed a lawsuit against Rosarkhiv; he demanded to admit the fact of falsification of documents confirming Stalin’s involvement in the execution of Poles in Katyn.
Evgeny Dzhugashvili died in December 2016. He was 80 years old.
Yakov Evgenievich Dzhugashvili
The great-grandson of the Soviet leader became an artist. He studied at art school in Glasgow and had his first exhibition in London. “I am proud of my origins and proud of my surname. I can’t say that the surname helps sell paintings, rather the opposite. If I helped, I would probably sell every day at work, and so - two or three a month,” Yakov said in an interview with Snob magazine.
In 1999, his works were exhibited at the art museum in Batumi. Another descendant of Stalin, the grandson of Yakov Dzhugashvili named Selim, also became an artist. Today Selim lives in Ryazan and paints.
Chris Evans
Svetlana Alliluyeva's daughter lives in Portland. She works in a vintage store and refuses to talk to reporters or discuss her relationship with her mother.
Ekaterina Zhdanova
Stalin's granddaughter lives in Kamchatka and works as a volcanologist. She was born in 1950 from the marriage of Svetlana Alliluyeva and professor Yuri Zhdanov. As a child, she traveled a lot around Russia with her father. When Svetlana left Russia, she wrote her a farewell letter, in which she advised her daughter to continue her studies in science. Catherine stopped communicating with her, although telegrams from her mother periodically arrived in Kamchatka. After Alliluyeva’s death, Chris Evans contacted her, but Ekaterina Zhdanova left her letter unanswered.
P.S. Well, at least, except for Svetlana and her daughter now living in America, no one else fled abroad, unlike the descendants of Khrushchev or Gorbachev. And where are these “patriots” now?
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It is unlikely that any adult in Russia, or indeed in the world, needs to be told about Stalin the politician. Much less is known about Stalin as a person, but he was a husband, father and, as it turns out, a great lover of women, at least during his stormy revolutionary youth. True, the fates of those closest to him always turned out tragically. Dismissing fiction, myths and gossip, Anews talks about the wives and children of the leader.
Ekaterina (Kato) Svanidze
First wife
At the age of 27, Stalin married the 21-year-old daughter of a Georgian nobleman. Her brother, with whom he once studied at the theological seminary, was his close friend. They got married secretly, at night, in a mountain monastery in Tiflis, because Joseph was already hiding from the authorities as an underground Bolshevik. 
The marriage, concluded out of great love, lasted only 16 months: Kato gave birth to a son, Yakov, and at the age of 22 she died in her husband’s arms, either from transient consumption or from typhus. According to legend, the inconsolable widower allegedly told a friend at the funeral: “My last warm feelings for people died with her.” 
Even if these words are fiction, here is a real fact: years later, Stalin’s repressions destroyed almost all of Catherine’s relatives. The same brother and wife and older sister were shot. And his brother’s son was kept in a psychiatric hospital until Stalin’s death.
Yakov Dzhugashvili
First son
Stalin's firstborn was raised by Kato's relatives. He first saw his father at the age of 14, when he already had a new family. It is believed that Stalin never fell in love with the “wolf cub,” as he himself called him, and was even jealous of his wife, who was only five and a half years older than Yasha. He severely punished the teenager for the slightest offenses, sometimes he did not let him go home, forcing him to spend the night on the stairs. When, at the age of 18, the son married against the will of his father, the relationship completely deteriorated. In desperation, Yakov tried to shoot himself, but the bullet went right through, he was saved, and Stalin distanced himself even more from the “bully and blackmailer” and mocked him: “Ha, I didn’t hit!” 
In June 1941, Yakov Dzhugashvili went to the front, and to the most difficult sector - near Vitebsk. His battery distinguished itself in one of the largest tank battles, and Stalin's son, along with other fighters, was nominated for an award.
But soon Yakov was captured. His portraits immediately appeared on fascist leaflets designed to demoralize Soviet soldiers. There is a myth that Stalin allegedly refused to exchange his son for the German military leader Paulus, saying: “I don’t exchange a soldier for a field marshal!” Historians doubt that the Germans even proposed such an exchange, and the phrase itself is heard in the Soviet film epic “Liberation” and, apparently, is an invention of the screenwriters.
German photo: Stalin's son in captivity 
And the following photograph of the captive Yakov Dzhugashvili is published for the first time: only recently it was found in the photo archive of the military leader of the Third Reich, Wolfram von Richthofen. 
Yakov spent two years in captivity and did not cooperate with the Germans under any pressure. He died in the camp in April 1943: he provoked a sentry to fire a fatal shot by rushing to the barbed wire fence. According to a common version, Yakov fell into despair after hearing Stalin’s words on the radio that “there are no prisoners of war in the Red Army, there are only traitors and traitors to the Motherland.” However, most likely, this “spectacular phrase” was attributed to Stalin later. 
Meanwhile, Yakov Dzhugashvili’s relatives, in particular his daughter and half-brother Artem Sergeev, were convinced all their lives that he died in battle in June 1941, and his time in captivity, including photos and interrogation reports, was from beginning to end played out by the Germans for propaganda purposes. However, in 2007, the FSB confirmed the fact of his captivity.
Nadezhda Alliluyeva
Second and last wife
Stalin married for the second time at the age of 40, his wife was 23 years younger - a fresh graduate of the gymnasium, who looked with adoration at the seasoned revolutionary, who had just returned from yet another Siberian exile.
Nadezhda was the daughter of Stalin’s longtime associates, and he also had an affair with her mother Olga in his youth. Now, years later, she became his mother-in-law. 
The marriage of Joseph and Nadezhda, initially happy, eventually became unbearable for both. Memories of their family are very contradictory: some said that Stalin was gentle at home, and she enforced strict discipline and easily flared up, others said that he was constantly rude, and she endured and accumulated grievances until tragedy struck...
In November 1932, after another public altercation with her husband while visiting Voroshilov, Nadezhda returned home, retired to the bedroom and shot herself in the heart. No one heard the shot, only the next morning she was found dead. She was 31 years old. 
There were also different stories about Stalin's reaction. According to some, he was shocked and cried at the funeral. Others remember that he was furious and said over his wife’s coffin: “I didn’t know that you were my enemy.” One way or another, the family relationship was forever over. Subsequently, numerous novels were attributed to Stalin, including with the first beauty of the Soviet screen, Lyubov Orlova, but these were mostly unconfirmed rumors and myths.
Vasily Dzhugashvili (Stalin)
Second son
Nadezhda gave birth to two children for Stalin. When she committed suicide, her 12-year-old son and 6-year-old daughter found themselves under the supervision of not only nannies and housekeepers, but also male guards led by General Vlasik. It was them that Vasily later blamed for the fact that from a young age he became addicted to smoking and alcohol. 
Subsequently, being a military pilot and fighting bravely in the war, he more than once received penalties and demotions “in the name of Stalin” for hooligan actions. For example, he was removed from command of a regiment for fishing with the use of aircraft shells, as a result of which his weapons engineer was killed and one of the best pilots was wounded.
Or after the war, a year before Stalin’s death, he lost his position as commander of the Air Force of the Moscow Military District when he showed up drunk at a government holiday reception and was rude to the Air Force Commander-in-Chief. 
Immediately after the death of the leader, the life of Aviation Lieutenant General Vasily Stalin went downhill. He began to spread left and right that his father had been poisoned, and when the Minister of Defense decided to appoint his troubled son to a position away from Moscow, he did not obey his order. He was transferred to the reserve without the right to wear a uniform, and then he did the irreparable - he conveyed his version of Stalin’s poisoning to foreigners, hoping to receive protection from them.
But instead of going abroad, Stalin’s youngest son, a decorated participant in the Great Patriotic War, ended up in prison, where he spent 8 years, from April 1953 to April 1961. The angry Soviet leadership brought a lot of accusations on him, including frankly ridiculous ones, but Vasily admitted to everything without exception during interrogation. At the end of his sentence, he was “exiled” to Kazan, but he did not live even a year in freedom: he died in March 1962, just a couple of days before his 41st birthday. According to the official conclusion, from alcohol poisoning.
Svetlana Alliluyeva (Lana Peters)
Stalin's daughter
Naturally or not, the only one of the children whom Stalin doted on gave him nothing but trouble during his lifetime, and after his death she fled abroad and in the end completely abandoned her homeland, where she was threatened with the fate of suffering moral punishment for the rest of her days. father's sins. 
From a young age, she started countless affairs, sometimes destructive for her chosen ones. When, at the age of 16, she fell in love with 40-year-old film screenwriter Alexei Kapler, Stalin arrested him and exiled him to Vorkuta, completely forgetting how he himself, at the same age, seduced young Nadezhda, Svetlana’s mother.
Svetlana only had five official husbands, including an Indian and an American. Having escaped to India in 1966, she became a “defector”, leaving her 20-year-old son and 16-year-old daughter behind in the USSR. They did not forgive such betrayal. The son is no longer in the world, and the daughter, who is now approaching 70, abruptly interrupts the inquisitive journalists: “You are mistaken, she is not my mother.”
In America, Svetlana, who became Lana Peters by marriage, had her third daughter, Olga. With her, she suddenly returned to the USSR in the mid-80s, but did not take root either in Moscow or in Georgia and eventually finally left for the USA, renouncing her native citizenship. Her personal life never worked out. She died in a nursing home in 2011, her burial place is unknown. 
Svetlana Alliluyeva: “Wherever I go - to Switzerland, or India, even Australia, even some lonely island, I will always be a political prisoner in the name of my father.”
Stalin had three more sons - two illegitimate, born from his mistresses in exile, and one adopted. Surprisingly, their fates were not so tragic, on the contrary, as if distance from their father or lack of blood relationship saved them from evil fate.
Artem Sergeev
Stalin's adopted son
His own father was the legendary Bolshevik “Comrade Artem”, a revolutionary comrade-in-arms and close friend of Stalin. When his son was three months old, he died in a train accident, and Stalin took him into his family.
Artem was the same age as Vasily Stalin; the guys were inseparable from childhood. From the age of two and a half, both were raised in a boarding school for “Kremlin” children, however, in order not to raise a “children’s elite,” exactly the same number of real street children were placed with them. Everyone was taught to work equally. The children of party members returned home only on weekends, and were obliged to invite orphans to their home.
According to Vasily’s memoirs, Stalin “loved Artyom very much and set him as an example.” However, Stalin did not give any concessions to the diligent Artyom, who, unlike Vasily, studied well and with interest. So, after the war, he had a rather difficult time at the Artillery Academy due to excessive drilling and nagging teachers. Then it turned out that Stalin personally demanded that his adopted son be treated more strictly. 
After Stalin's death, Artem Sergeev became a great military leader and retired with the rank of major general of artillery. He is considered one of the founders of the USSR anti-aircraft missile forces. He died in 2008 at the age of 86. Until the end of his life he remained a devoted communist. 
Mistresses and illegitimate children
British specialist in Soviet history Simon Seabag Montefiori, who has many awards in documentary filmmaking, traveled around the territory of the former USSR in the 90s and found a lot of unpublished documents in the archives. It turned out that young Stalin was surprisingly amorous, was fond of women of different ages and classes, and after the death of his first wife, during the years of exile in Siberia, had a large number of mistresses.
17-year-old high school graduate Onufrieva's field he sent passionate cards (one of them is pictured). Postscript: “I have your kiss, transmitted to me through Petka. I kiss you back, and not just kiss you, but passionately (you just shouldn’t kiss!). Joseph". 
He had affairs with fellow party members - Vera Schweitzer And Lyudmila Steel.
And on a noblewoman from Odessa Stefania Petrovskaya he was even planning to get married. 
However, Stalin married two sons with simple peasant women from the distant wilderness.
Konstantin Stepanovich Kuzakov
Illegitimate son from his cohabitant in Solvychegodsk, Maria Kuzakova 
The son of a young widow who sheltered the exiled Stalin, he graduated from a university in Leningrad and made a dizzying career - from a non-partisan university teacher to the head of cinematography at the USSR Ministry of Culture and one of the leaders of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company. He recalled in 1995: “My origins were not a big secret, but I always managed to avoid answering when asked about it. But I guess my promotion is also related to my abilities.” 
Only in adulthood did he see Stalin closely for the first time, and this happened in the buffet of the Presidium of the Supreme Council. Kuzakov, as a member of the Central Committee apparatus responsible for propaganda, was involved in political editing of speeches. “I didn’t even have time to take a step towards Stalin. The bell rang and members of the Politburo went into the hall. Stalin stopped and looked at me. I felt that he wanted to tell me something. I wanted to rush towards him, but something stopped me. Probably, subconsciously, I understood that public recognition of my relationship would bring me nothing but big troubles. Stalin waved his phone and walked slowly..."
After this, Stalin, under the pretext of a work consultation, wanted to arrange a personal reception for Kuzakov, but he did not hear the phone call, having fallen fast asleep after a late meeting. Only the next morning they told him that he had missed it. Then Konstantin saw Stalin more than once, both close and from afar, but they never spoke to each other, and he never called again. “I think he didn’t want to make me a tool in the hands of intriguers.” 
However, in 1947, Kuzakov almost came under repression due to Beria’s intrigues. He was expelled from the party for “loss of vigilance” and removed from all posts. Beria demanded his arrest at the Politburo. But Stalin saved his unrecognized son. As Zhdanov later told him, Stalin walked along the table for a long time, smoked and then said: “I see no reason for the arrest of Kuzakov.” 
Kuzakov was reinstated in the party on the day of Beria’s arrest, and his career resumed. He retired under Gorbachev, in 1987, at the age of 75. Died in 1996.
Alexander Yakovlevich Davydov
Illegitimate son from his cohabitant in Kureika, Lidiya Pereprygina 
And here there was almost a criminal story, because 34-year-old Stalin began living with Lydia when she was only 14. Under the threat of gendarmerie prosecution for seducing a minor, he promised to later marry her, but fled from exile earlier. At the time of his disappearance, she was pregnant and without him gave birth to a son, Alexander.
There is evidence that at first the runaway father corresponded with Lydia. Then, a rumor spread that Stalin had been killed at the front, and she married fisherman Yakov Davydov, who adopted her child. 
There is documentary evidence that in 1946, 67-year-old Stalin suddenly wanted to find out about their fate and conveyed a laconic order to find bearers of such and such surnames. Based on the results of the search, Stalin was given a brief certificate - such and such lived there. And all the personal and juicy details that became clear in the process surfaced only 10 years later, already under Khrushchev, when the campaign to expose the cult of personality began. 
Alexander Davydov lived a simple life as a Soviet soldier and worker. He took part in the Great Patriotic and Korean Wars, rising to the rank of major. After leaving the army, he lived with his family in Novokuznetsk, working in low-level positions - as a foreman, head of a factory canteen. Died in 1987.
These dark hard years
All hope was in him
From what super mighty breed
Did nature create it?
A.Vertinsky 1945
In her memoirs, which are stored in the archives of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia and were published in the newspaper Culture No. 85 on 03/01/2013 as a translation from a 2012 publication in English under the title “My Dear Son,” Ekaterina Geladze - Dzhugashvili, mother of I.V. . Stalin writes about how her husband Beso Dzhugashvili told her about the origin of his surname: “Our ancestors were herd workers. That’s why they called us “Jogans,” otherwise we used to have a completely different surname, according to him, their ancestors were from Geri, the Machabeli serfs. But Geri, it turns out, was very worried about the Ossetians - the mountaineers, and there were great bloodsheds. Until the Machabels heeded their request and settled them in Lilo. Beso greatly revered the icon of St. Georgy Gehry, and considered him his family patron to the end.”
The village of Dzher in the Tskhinvali region of South Ossetia is named after Geri. Excellent photographs of the area and the sanctuary of Jera Zuar, which is located next to the village, were published in Maxim magazinehttp:// the-maksimov.livejournal.co m/28625.html
The icon that Beso revered very much was from this sanctuary.
Further Ekatirina Geladze - Dzhugashvili writes; - “Our family happiness was endless. Beso became a master of his craft, separated from Osef Baramov and opened his own workshop. ... A year later, our happiness was marked by the birth of a son. Beso almost went crazy with joy. Celebrated a big christening. Yakov Egnatashvili helped a lot, like a godfather, but joy gave way to grief, as the child died at the age of two months. Beso began to drink out of grief. Family happiness has cracked. In the second year our second son was born. He was also baptized by Yakov, but this child did not survive and soon died. Beso almost went crazy. He attributed all this to the disfavor of the Geri icon; my mother agreed with him as a believer. Mother began going to countless fortune tellers. Once I even went to Karagadzhi to find out the cause of our family grief. The icon was also accused there. We bought an icon of St. George, began to light candles, go to Gorijvari, where they made a vow, go to Geri to pray and make a donation if our third child survived (I was already pregnant). The third child was also born a boy: Beso said: “Jacob’s hand did not justify us, we must try the hand of the second best man.” Egnatashvili was not offended by this. We accelerated the christening of the third child so that he would not die unbaptized. The mother hung an amulet around the child’s neck and reminded Beso that they had made a vow to go to Geri to donate. Beso replied: “If only the child survives, I will go on my knees and bring the child on my shoulders.” These are the stories that happened to us before my Soso was born. Although the child survived, he was of a very weak constitution, fragile, and did not grow any meat. If a contagious disease appeared somewhere, he was the first to catch it. I didn’t like to eat meat, but I loved beans.”
From the above quote it is clear that Beso is the father of I.V. Stalin believed that his family came from the village of Dzher. As a memory of this, he kept and revered the icon from the sanctuary of Jera Dzuar. The sanctuary of Dzhera Zuar is one of the main ones in Ossetia and is dedicated to Uastirdzhi. In terms of the consonance of the name and partly in its functions, Uastirdzhi coincides with St. George, therefore the ancient Aryan temple was adapted by Christians into the Church of St. George. Not only the holy places of Ossetia, but also of Rus' and other countries suffered a similar fate during the period of Christianization. But this is a different topic. And according to the pedigree of I.V. Stalin, I found the same story in Alanka Urtati’s story “Stalin’s Patron”http://vlastitel.com.ru/stalin/publicistic/urtati_pokrovitel.html The same story in the story of Alanka Urtati is recorded according to the presentation of Badil Budata, who learned this story from Wasilla Chertkuata, who was directly involved in it. Wassilla Chetkuaty was a priest, folk storyteller and singer, who lived more than 113 years. This is how the story is told in this version: - “But let’s return to the Dzugata family tree, the roots of which grew on both sides of the Ridge, and the branch in question continued in Dzomag, in the southern part of Ossetia. Bes's ancestors moved from Dzomag to Jer. My direct great-grandfather, Ivan Dzugaev, lived there. His son's name was Besa. Bes had a son, Zaza. When Zaza grew up, he went to seek his fortune in Jer.
He liked the place and stayed there. Later he married a girl, Sida, from Tualgom, which is located in the middle between the southern and northern parts of Ossetia.
Tuayon, as all the women from the numerous family of Tuals are called, gave birth to two sons. One was named after Bes's father, and the second was named after Ivane's grandfather. Besa died as a child, and Ivane grew up and took Zarina Alborty from Djer as his wife. Subsequently, Ivane and Alboron left Jer and moved to Didi Lilo. Here Besa was born, named after his grandfather.
There were two shoemakers in Didi Lilo - Georgy and Misha. Besa visited them, and both loved the boy like a son and taught him his profession. Besa learned shoemaking from them, but there was no work for so many shoemakers in the village, and when he grew up, he moved to Gori. Here Besa met Keke Geladze, a Georgian girl, and married her in 1884. For 9 long years, Keke did not give birth to children, but finally her first child appeared. Besa named him George in honor of the teacher from Didi Lilo, but he died in infancy. When the second one was born, Besa named him after his second teacher from Didi Lilo - Misha, but this baby also died.
Keke was very sad, then she began to visit fortune tellers and healers. Finally, God took pity on the husband and wife and gave them a third son, whose fate was also in jeopardy, because he was very weak, and Keke was very afraid that he would die. Keke knew about the sanctuary, to which her husband, as a representative of the Dzugata family, had a direct connection. Saint Jeri was the patron saint of several Ossetian families and surnames, so unfortunate Keke hoped that he would help her, Dzugata’s daughter-in-law, save her last baby Soso.
An old Gori fortune teller told Keke to ask her husband to take her son to the sanctuary of his family.
Having heard about Wasilla Chertkuata’s participation in such matters, Keke, on one of his visits, found him at the Gori bazaar and fervently asked for help.
In addition to agreeing, Wasilla needed to purchase a sacrificial lamb, which should be delivered to the Jer sanctuary.
When they reached Jer, it was approaching noon. The Dzugats, who came from Dzher, dispersed over time, but one of the branches of this family remained in its family nest. The travelers headed there from their long journey. The owners received them cordially, and the head of this house, who was the “dzuarlag”, that is, the servant of this sanctuary, went to the sanctuary with them.”
I will not explore the truth of the two versions of this story. Let's take only what is there and there and it will most likely be true.
1. Rod I.V. Stalin comes from the village. Dzher (Geri) Tskhinvali region of South Ossetia.
2. The first two sons of I.V. Stalin’s mother died in infancy, and his own life was in danger.
3. As a child, I.V. Stalin was taken under the protection of Uastirdzhi through a perfect ancient ritual, which saved his life.
Some facts are not directly related to this story.
1. The Dzugata clan moved to Dzher from Dzomag.
2. All Ossetians living in Georgian villages had their last name endings changed to -shvili or -dze. And those who converted to Christianity were called former Ossetians, because the ethnonym Ossetians comes from a religious name. Self-nosing of Ossetians Iron (Ariy).
It follows from this that I.V. Stalin belonged to the Ossetian family of Dzugata.
Most of the current Ossetian surnames trace their origins to OsBagatar. And OsBagatar, as is known, was from the clan of Akhsartakat. From Nart legends we know that the Akhsartagat clan was founded by the twin brothers Uruzmag and Khamyts.
And now we can give the pedigree of I.V. that we are looking for. Stalin in the following form.
The One and Great God, at the request of Barduag of Fire, created the first sledge. Barduag of Fire gave him the name Sauassa. The wife of Sauassa was the Daughter of Donbetra (Barduag of Water). They had three sons, Bora, Bolatbarzai and Dzulau. The elder Bora was married to Arva Chizg (Daughter of Heaven). She gave birth to twin brothers Uarhag and Uarhtanag. Warhag's wife gave birth to twins Akhsar and Akhsartag. Akhsartag married Dzerassa (daughter of Donbetr), who gave birth to twins Uruzmag and Khamits. Uruzmag and Khamyts, named after their father, founded the Akhsartagat clan. OsBagatar from the Akhsartagat clan had five sons. One of them was called Sidam. From him comes the Sidamonov family. Dzug was from the Sidamon family. His descendants settled in the village. Dzomag and began to call themselves the clan of Dzuga - Dzugata. One of them was called Ivane Dzugaev. He had a son, Beso Dzugaev. His son Zaza moved to the village of Dzher. His wife was Sida from Tualgom. They named their son Ivane in honor of his grandfather. Ivane's wife was Zarina Alborova from Dzher. Ivane and Zarina moved to Didi Lilo. They had a son, whom they named Beso, in honor of their grandfather. Beso learned shoemaking and moved to Gori. Here he met Keke Geladze, who became his wife. At Beso and Keke December 21, 1879 a son was born, who later became I.V. Stalin.
Joseph Stalin had two wives at different times. Children were born from these marriages. They did not choose their father, they were born into a family and lived under the total control of the odious ruler of the Soviet empire. Unfortunately, the fate of Stalin's children after his death was mostly tragic... Some consider this a natural phenomenon, and some believe that children should not be responsible for the actions of their parents. How many children Stalin had and their fate - we will talk about all this in the article.
So, how many children did Stalin have? So it’s difficult to answer right away. Let's go in order...
At the beginning of the twentieth century, the future ruler of the Soviet empire married for the first time. He was twenty-nine. The chosen one is 21. Her name was Ekaterina Svanidze. This marriage lasted only sixteen months. The wife died. But one month before her death, she gave her husband her first child, Jacob.
The deceased wife's relatives had to raise an heir. Father and son saw each other fourteen years later, already in the era of the USSR. By this time, the Leader of the Nations already had a second family. Yakov's stepmother, Nadezhda Alliluyeva, treated her stepson with warmth. But his father treated him like a nonentity. He didn't like almost everything about him. He punished him severely for the slightest offenses. Sometimes he wouldn’t even let the boy into the apartment, and he would spend the night on the stairs.
When Yakov was eighteen, he decided to marry his classmate, which is what happened. The father was categorically against this marriage. Because of this conflict, Yakov even tried to commit suicide. After an unsuccessful suicide attempt, relations between Stalin and Yakov completely deteriorated. The son began to live with relatives in the Northern capital. It was then that the newlyweds had their first child - daughter Elena, who, unfortunately, died in infancy. After some time, the couple decided to separate.
Returning to Moscow, Yakov entered the Institute of Transport Engineers and after graduating he worked at one of the power plants. True, he worked very little in his specialty, since his father persistently recommended that he choose a different field. As a result, Yakov became a cadet at the Artillery Academy. Over the years of study, he gained fame as one of the best and most talented students.
Meanwhile, Dzhugashvili met Olga Golysheva. She was born in Uryupinsk, and in the capital she studied at an aviation technical school. Thus, the acquaintance turned into a love affair. However, Stalin was again against this relationship. Olga returned to her homeland, where she gave her lover an heir, Eugene. Relatives from the Golyshev side began raising the child. And the young mother returned to Moscow. But her relationship with Stalin’s son did not work out at all. After some time, they decided to separate.
In 1939, Yakov married again. His wife was ballerina Yulia Meltzer, who soon gave birth to a daughter, Galina. Surprisingly, the all-powerful Stalin did not put obstacles in the way of the young. But, predicting the course of events, let’s say that during the war, Yakov’s wife received a sentence in the Gulag.
When the war broke out, Yakov was among the first to go to the front. His father, of course, a priori could have given him a staff position. But he did not do this.
Dzhugashvili found himself in the thick of it - near Vitebsk. He took part in one of the major tank battles. He was even nominated for an award. However, he did not manage to receive it...
The fact is that his battery broke out of the encirclement twice. But the third time Yakov failed to do this. He was captured.
For two years the Germans tried to persuade him to cooperate. But Yakov categorically refused. At the same time, during interrogations, he spoke about the deep disappointment associated with the unsuccessful actions of the Soviet troops at the beginning of the war. But he did not provide the information necessary for the Nazis. In addition, he never said anything bad about his homeland and the political system.
The Germans offered Stalin to exchange his son for one of the major German officers. But the leader was adamant.
...Yakov passed away in mid-1943. He was shot by a sentry in one of the death camps.
Stalin's children and their fate, photos from the archives - all this is of interest to those people who are not indifferent to our history. So we will continue.
In the first years of Soviet power, Stalin married again. He was already forty, and his chosen one was 17. Nadezhda Alliluyeva was the daughter of Stalin’s associates. At the same time, in her youth, an affair began between Stalin and her mother. Thus, after a while she became the mother-in-law of the Leader of the Nations.
Initially, this marriage was happy, but later it turned out to be simply unbearable. And for both. At the end of the autumn of 1932, after another argument with her husband, the wife closed the door to the bedroom and shot herself.
As a result, after the death of his wife, Stalin was left with their two common children - twelve-year-old son Vasily and six-year-old daughter Svetlana. They were looked after by nannies, housekeepers and security guards.
Vasily grew up as a rather mischievous boy. The father repeatedly told the teachers to behave very strictly with him. It was probably not for nothing that the leader called his youngest son “barchuk.”
In 1938, Vasily became a cadet at the Kachin aviation school. He enjoyed great authority and was considered a friendly person in the team. But most importantly, he loved to fly. Although he constantly argued with his superiors.
On the eve of the war, Vasily got married. His wife was Galina Burdonskaya. Her great-great-grandfather is a soldier in the Napoleonic army. During the battles of 1812, he was wounded and settled in Russia.
The marriage with Burdonskaya lasted four years. Did Vasily Stalin have children? Their fate (photo in the article) was not the best. Parents separated. Vasily forbade his wife to communicate with his offspring. She saw her children only eight years later.
In 1941, being a twenty-year-old officer, Vasily went to the front. He flew twenty-seven missions throughout the war. In addition, he was awarded prestigious military decorations for his participation in military operations.
At the same time, he repeatedly received penalties for hooliganism. He was also demoted. So, one day he was removed from command of the regiment. The fact is that he and his fellow soldiers went fishing. While fishing, he used aerial shells. As a result, weapons engineer Vasily was killed, and one of the pilots was injured.
In 1944, Vasily married again. His chosen one was the daughter of Soviet Marshal Timoshenko. Two children were born in this marriage.
In 1947, Vasily was appointed commander of the Air Force of the Moscow Military District. By this period, he was already seriously suffering from alcoholism and did not take part in flights.
But he had a completely new hobby. He began creating “pilot” football and hockey teams. He provided more than generous financial assistance to these athletes.
In addition, Vasily began to build a sports center. However, during one of the May Day demonstrations, he ordered several planes to fly over Red Square. Some of them, unfortunately, crashed. After this, Stalin fired his own son from the post of commander...
When Stalin died, Vasily’s life went downhill. At first they decided to appoint him to a position away from the capital. But he did not obey the order. Then he was transferred to the reserve. And just a month and a half after the death of the head of state, he was completely arrested. There was only one reason. During one of the feasts with British citizens, Vasily outlined his version of his father’s death. He believed that he had been poisoned.
As a result, the former combat pilot and general spent eight years in prison. In 1961, ruler Khrushchev returned his awards, title and pension. But 2.5 months after his release, Vasily had a minor car accident. After this, he was banned from living in the capital. So he ended up in Kazan. He lived in this city for very little time, since in the early spring of 1962 Vasily died. He was only forty years old.
The only daughter of the Leader of the Nations, Svetlana, was born in 1926. Initially, Stalin himself doted on her.
However, as a high school student, she began to have romance novels. So, at the age of sixteen, she was in love with the forty-year-old screenwriter A. Kapler. Her lover managed to introduce the girl to good literature and poetry. He was able to cultivate her artistic taste. But the head of state was outraged. A case was opened against Kapler and he was sent to a camp.
Svetlana’s new chosen one was her brother Vasily’s friend G. Morozov. The father allowed his daughter to get married. In their marriage they had their first child. Despite this, after some time the couple separated. And the ex-husband was immediately removed from the capital. For three years he could not find a job.
Meanwhile, Svetlana met the son of Soviet leader A. Zhdanov, Yuri. Stalin loved the Zhdanov family very much and sincerely wanted these families to become related. And so it happened. Children appeared. By the way, at one time it was the head of state who helped appoint Yuri to the position of head of the department of the Central Committee. But the personal life of Stalin’s children did not work out... And this marriage also fell apart.
Svetlana's third husband was Raj Brij Singh. This old man was Hindu by nationality. Their acquaintance took place in the Kremlin hospital. And after some time, Singh died. The inconsolable widow was allowed to take her husband's ashes to India. After this, she decided to seek asylum at the British Embassy. Then she moved to the United States. Note that she fled abroad without children. By and large, they did not expect such an act and betrayal then.
There she got married again. Her husband was the architect Peters from the USA. From this marriage a daughter, Olga, was born.
After some time, this marriage also broke up. Svetlana returned to the shores of Foggy Albion. And in mid-1984 she was allowed to return to the USSR. Alas, she was not forgiven by either her close people or distant relatives. For this reason, she went abroad again.
In recent years she lived in one of the nursing homes. She passed away in 2011. She was eighty-five.
But these are not all the children of Joseph Stalin. He also had an adopted son, Artem. His own father, a close friend of the leader, comrade-in-arms Fyodor Sergeev died in At that time, Artem was only three months old. Stalin adopted him and took him into his family.
The boy was the same age as the middle son of the head of state. They became best friends. Stalin barely set him up as an example, unlike Vasily. Artem was actually very interested in learning. Although the Leader of the Nations never made any concessions to him.
After school, Artem entered one of the artillery schools. He graduated from it in 1940. Just like Vasily, he went to the front. He was captured, but fortunately his escape attempt was successful. He ended the war as a brigade commander.
In 1954, Artem studied at the General Staff Academy and became a great military leader. Many believe that he is one of the founders of the anti-aircraft missile forces of the Soviet Union.
He rose to the rank of major general. Until his last days he was a devoted communist. He died in 2008.
In addition to the official ones, Stalin’s illegitimate children are known to history (photos are in the article). By and large, in his youth, Stalin was seriously interested in the fairer sex. At one time, he even intended to get engaged to one of the noblewomen from Odessa.
So, the future leader was sent to Solvychegodsk. He was sheltered by Maria Kuzakova. From this connection a son, Konstantin, was born. Stalin practically did not remember his son, but for some reason Kostya was always lucky in his professional career.
Kuzakov, in fact, was a very modest person. He was, in fact, the happiest son of the leader. He grew up without a father and learned about his relationship with Stalin when he grew up.
After school, Konstantin became a student at the Institute of Finance and Economics in the Northern capital. After receiving his diploma, he remained at the university and worked as a teacher. Later he lectured at the regional party committee of Leningrad, and then in Moscow. Since 1939, he became the head of the propaganda and agitation department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Assistant to the head of state Poskrebyshev treated him well. And sometimes he gave him instructions from Stalin himself.
In 1947, in the wake of yet another repression, he was removed from all posts and expelled from the party. Beria generally demanded that he be arrested. But, as it turns out, the leader himself stood up for Konstantin. As a result, party membership was restored and Kuzakov's career resumed.
In subsequent years, Konstantin focused on working on television. His last position was as Deputy Minister of Cinematography of the Soviet Union. It was under him that the editorial staff of literary and dramatic programs on Central Television became truly elite. His subordinates sincerely respected, appreciated and loved him. He was truly an intelligent and smart leader. At the same time, Kuzakov’s origin was not a secret at all. Apparently, his career advancement was primarily due to his extraordinary abilities.
Kuzakov died in 1996.
We continue to talk about Stalin’s illegitimate children and their fate. Another illegitimate son of the leader was Alexander Davydov.
Finding himself in yet another exile, the future head of state cohabited with Lydia Pereprygina. At that time, the girl was only fourteen. The gendarmes intended to punish the lustful revolutionary. But he swore to them that he was going to marry Lida. However, this did not happen. Stalin escaped from exile. And the revolutionary’s future bride was expecting a child at that time.
After some time, she gave birth to a son, Sasha. According to several sources, Stalin first corresponded with Pereprygina. Then rumors spread that Dzhugashvili died at the front. As a result, Lydia did not wait for the groom and married Yakov Davydov, who worked as a fisherman. Pereprygina's new husband adopted Alexander and gave him his last name.
They say that in 1946, Stalin unexpectedly gave an order to find out information about the fate of his son and his mother. The leader's reaction to the results of this search is unknown.
By and large, the illegitimate son of the leader lived a fairly simple life. He fought on the fronts of the Korean and Great Patriotic Wars. He rose to the rank of major. In the post-war period, he lived with his family in Novokuznetsk. Davydov worked as a foreman and also managed the canteen of one of the city enterprises. He passed away in 1987.
Now you know all of Stalin’s children and their fate (photo in the article). It's time to look at some more moments from the life of his descendants.
You can see photos of Stalin’s huge family in the article. The leader had eight grandchildren. But he saw with his own eyes only three. Their fates are quite different. There are tragic ones, and there are happy ones. Their attitude towards their grandfather was also more than ambiguous.
Stalin's eldest son Yakov had two children. Evgeniy was born in 1936. He was destined to become a military historian. First he studied at one of the Suvorov schools, then at the engineering academy. For ten years he worked in the system of military representations at various enterprises in the capital and region. He took part in the preparation and launch of several space objects.
In 1973, he defended his dissertation and began working as a teacher. He passed away in 2016.
Yakov's daughter Galina became a translator and philologist. She specialized in Algerian literature. By the way, her husband is Algerian. At one time he worked as a UN expert. From this marriage a deaf-mute son was born. Galina died in 2007.
Vasily Dzhugashvili had four children and three adopted ones.
The life of the eldest son turned out to be the most successful. He became a famous director. He served in the capital. It was he who managed to stage a number of excellent performances. We are talking about such productions as “Vassa Zheleznova”, “The Lady with Camellias”, “Orpheus Descends to Hell”, “The Snows Have Fallen”, “The Last Ardently in Love” and many others. The talented director died in 2017.
Daughter Nadezhda studied at one of the theater schools, but she was unable to complete her studies. She moved to Georgia, but then returned to her homeland, to the capital. By this time, she met the writer’s son and they soon became husband and wife. They had a daughter, Nastya. At the end of the 90s, Nadezhda died.
The second son Vasily lived only nineteen years. As a student, he decided to take his own life. On the day of his death he was in a drugged state.
Daughter Svetlana died in 1989. She was only forty-three.
Three adopted daughters were adopted by Vasily Dzhugashvili. They say they kept this surname even after their marriage.
Svetlana Alliluyeva had two daughters and a son.
Joseph was the eldest. He was born in marriage with G. Morozov. But when Svetlana married his surname passed to his son Joseph. Joseph became a famous cardiologist. He is considered a true authority in his field. And his patients still idolize him.
Daughter Ekaterina, after studying at a university, became a volcanologist. She got married. From this marriage a daughter was born. When her husband died, Catherine moved to Kamchatka. They say she still works there.
The youngest daughter Olga was born in 1971 in America. In 1982, his mother and Olga moved to the UK. Olga studied there at Cambridge. Then she returned to her homeland, the USA. According to some sources, she is engaged in business. She has her own haberdashery store in Portland.
Disputes over the life of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin still do not subside. This is a man who was 2 generations ahead of all other people in his understanding of not only the state apparatus, but also global sociology. Stalin’s nationality even now evokes many opinions; as a result, a lot of versions have been put forward, several of which will now be considered.
By exploring a large number of archives, you can come across various references and facts that may speak in favor of one theory or another. Thus, the Armenian version says that Stalin’s nationality is directly connected with his mother, who, due to her poverty, was forced to work as an ordinary laundress for a rich merchant. After she became pregnant, she was quickly married off to But this version still does not provide enough facts to understand what nationality Stalin was.
Georgian theory says that its roots go back to one prince named Egnatoshvili. By the way, already at the time when Stalin came to power, he maintained contacts with his brothers.
According to Russian theory (if it can be considered such), Stalin's father was a nobleman from Smolensk, and his name was Nikolai Przhevalsky. He traveled a lot and was a fairly famous scientist. In 1878, he became very ill, for which he was treated in Gori, in the Caucasus. Here Przhevalsky meets a distant relative of the prince, her name is Ekaterina, who went bankrupt and was supposed to marry an ordinary shoemaker Vissarion Dzhugashvili. He, in turn, was a fairly respected man, but there was grief in his family, which slightly overshadowed the entire existence of their couple. The fact is that their three very young children died. Against this background, Vissarion began to drink a lot and often raised his hand to his wife. But even despite all the hardships of her life, Catherine was still able to charm the scientist, who was so imbued with her beauty that he continued to send her money.
It is worth noting that this version, which should shed light on Stalin’s nationality, is in fact quite vulnerable. I would also like to add that she is not as Russian as it might seem at first glance, since Przhevalsky has roots from Belarus.
It seemed that Stalin understood perfectly well that the entire society was convinced of his illegal origin. Then my father's drunkenness explains a lot. Most likely, he knew, but he just couldn't accept it. So, in one of the drunken fights he was killed, but 11-year-old Soso did not experience any feelings about this.
Of course, Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich was and remains a cult personality. Despite the fact that there are constantly various debates about his life, more and more questions appear in his biography than answers. His personality continues to give rise to many myths, which biographers and researchers are trying to understand. You can even start with the birthplace of the dictator. According to some sources, the first entry speaks of the city of Gori, although it is possible that Stalin could well have been born not far from Batumi. Next is this famous blood connection with his father and resemblance to the traveler Przhevalsky.
The date of birth also causes a lot of controversy. Historians managed to find the accounting book of the Gori Assumption Cathedral Church, in which the birth record differed from the date that is considered official. According to the old style, it was December 6, 1878, and the exact same number is on the certificate of graduation from theological school.
Initially, all official documents contained Stalin’s true date of birth, but in 1921, by his personal order, these numbers were changed in all documents, and they began to indicate not 1878, but 1879. As political scientists say, this was a necessary measure in order to hide not only his noble origin, but also his illegitimacy.
Every year it becomes more and more difficult to explain why the biography indicates two dates of birth, what nationality Stalin was, and a large number of different nuances from his life. Despite the fact that he independently surrounded himself with a certain aura of obscurity, there was a small circle of people especially close to him who knew a lot about him. This is probably why they did not die a natural death and under rather mysterious circumstances.
Stalin's life is replete with many pseudonyms, of which there are a total of up to 30.
The period of his tenure as the first person of the state was marked by a huge number of executions, collectivization and one of the most terrible wars, which claimed a lot of human lives all over the world. Naturally, the USSR should have appeared to everyone as a country in which progress, harmony and devotion to its leader were developed.
Portraits of Stalin were hung everywhere, and his era became a time of rapid economic development. Thanks to propaganda, absolutely all the undertakings of the “father of nations” were praised, this was especially true regarding the great infrastructure projects that were built very quickly, turning an agricultural country that was at its peak of backwardness into an industrial state. This was the main goal, but in order to achieve it, it was necessary to expand the volume of agricultural production to meet the needs of the working class. So collectivization was a great solution for this. Private farmers were literally taken away from their lands and forced to work in large state-type agricultural enterprises.
The whole truth about the period of the leader’s reign is still impossible to find. This is due to the fact that in fact, neither in the modern world, much less during his lifetime, this was discussed publicly. The entire period of Stalin (while he was head of state) was determined not only by repression and harsh dictatorship. We can confidently note a large number of positive nuances that have largely influenced the current development of the Russian people:
The name of Stalin is associated with his desire not only to unite, but subsequently to strengthen the country in the shortest possible time, and thanks to his energy and will to win, no one had the impression that he was unable to translate his plans into reality.
Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich very carefully hid all information about himself, and his personal life was no exception. He very carefully destroyed all kinds of documents that in one way or another spoke about his family and love affairs. Thus, the modern generation can present a far from complete picture, which consists of a small number of verified facts and testimonies of several eyewitnesses, whose stories are replete with errors and inaccuracies.
The first, when he was only 26 years old, was Ekaterina (Kato) Svanidze. At that time, he did not yet have his own significant party nickname, nor any special “political weight” in society, but, despite this, he was already famous for his reputation as an inveterate revolutionary who strove for the universal idea of equality. But at the same time, I would like to add that even those bloody methods and means by which goals were achieved gave the Bolsheviks a certain flair of romanticism. This is how the famous pseudonym Koba appeared. He was a literary hero similar to Robin Hood, who robbed the rich and gave everything to the poor.
Kato was only 16 years old when they got married and began to live in a shabby room, having practically no means of subsistence. Her father was as much a revolutionary as Soso himself, so he was even happy about their marriage, since Koba already had sufficient authority among the Caucasian freedom fighters. Despite the fact that huge amounts of money passed through his hands almost every day, not a penny of it went towards improving the family life and hearth.
Due to his busy revolutionary life, he practically did not appear at home, so his wife spent most of her time alone. In 1907, their common son was born, who was given the name Yakov. Thus, the life of the poor woman becomes much more difficult, and she falls ill with typhus. Since they did not have any extra money (due to the fact that everything went to the needs of the party), she dies. As eyewitnesses say, Soso was very upset by the death of his beloved woman and even began to fight his enemies with redoubled fury. Yakov, meanwhile, began to live with Kato’s parents, where he stayed until he was 14 years old.
The very young Nadya Alliluyeva became Soso’s second lover. They sincerely loved each other, despite the fact that the manifestation of tender feelings in those years, especially for such a fierce fighter for the revolution, was considered weakness. So, already in 1921, Stalin’s second son was born, who was named Vasily. At the same time, he takes Yakov too. Thus, Koba finally finds a full-fledged family. But the old story repeats itself again, when he has absolutely no time for any ordinary human joys on the path to revolution. In 1925, little Svetlana appeared in the family.
Very little is known about the relationship between the spouses; a large number of mysteries remain to this day, not only about their life together, but also about death.
It is worth noting that life with a man who has one like Stalin was inexplicably difficult. It is known that he could remain silent for three days, being in deep thought. It was difficult for Nadezhda not only because her husband was a tyrant - she had no way of communicating. She had no friends, and men were simply afraid to start even friendly relations with her, as they feared the wrath of her husband, who might think that his woman was being stalked and be “shot.” Hope needed ordinary, human, homely, warm relationships.
On November 8, 1932, Nadezhda Aliluyeva, Stalin’s wife, died under strange circumstances, whose nationality cannot be established unambiguously, since her mother was a true German and her father was half Gypsy. The official version was that it was a suicide; she allegedly took the fatal shot to the head on her own. As for the media reports about the death of Nadezhda, Stalin only allowed it to be said that she suddenly left this world, but what was the cause of death was not indicated.
Another point that deserves attention is Koba’s attempts to attribute everything to the fact that his wife died due to appendicitis, but two (and according to some sources - three) experts who arrived at the scene were supposed to give an opinion on death, but refused to give your signature on such a document. Her death still causes a lot of controversy, and therefore at the moment there are several options for this incident.
At the time of her death, Nadezhda was only 31 years old, and there are a lot of rumors about this. As for some conspiracy theory of what is happening, it is worth noting such a figure as Trotsky. At one time he was disliked by the government and Stalin personally, so through a certain Bukharin he tried to put emotional pressure on the leader’s wife. They tried to convince her that her husband was pursuing too aggressive a policy, organizing a deliberate famine in Ukraine, collectivization and mass executions. Trotsky thought that thanks to the political scandal that Nadezhda was about to create, Stalin could be overthrown without resorting to violence. Thus, his wife could simply shoot herself from the information she received, which she could not accept.
According to another version, at the celebration of the 15th anniversary of the October Revolution, during a banquet in the Kremlin, Stalin said something insulting to his wife, after which she defiantly left the table and went to her apartment, and then the servants heard a shot.
There is also a version that was confirmed by the head of Joseph Vissarionovich’s security. According to his story, after the banquet Stalin did not go home, but went to one of his dachas and took the general’s wife with him. Nadezhda, in turn, was very worried and called the house security phone. The officer on duty confirmed that her husband was indeed there, and not alone, but with a woman. Thus, the wife, having learned about this, could not survive the betrayal and committed suicide. Stalin never visited Nadezhda's grave.
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin, whose nationality and origin are shrouded in mystery, as well as everything connected with his personal life, raises many questions. Stalin's relationship with his own mother was also strange. Many facts spoke about this, and even the fact that he introduced her to his grandchildren only when the eldest turned 15. Ekaterina Georgievna had practically no education, she could not write, she spoke only Georgian. Stalin's mother, whose nationality was not controversial, was a fairly sociable woman and was never afraid to express her personal opinion on any matter, even sometimes on political topics. She was not at all hampered by her lack of education. Some conclusions can be drawn from their correspondence, which can hardly be called letters, but most likely more like notes. It is worth noting that, despite such dryness of communication, it cannot be said that the son did not care about his mother. She was under constant and close supervision of the best doctors, but despite this, due to her age, her health did not improve. So, in May 1937, she fell ill with pneumonia, which is why she died on July 4th. The relationship was so bad that he could not even attend her funeral, but limited himself to a wreath with an inscription.
The year was 1953. Many people have wanted Stalin's death for a long time. On March 1, he spent the whole day in his office; he did not look at important government mail and did not even have lunch. Without his permission, no one had the right to go to him, but already at 11 o’clock in the evening one of the duty officers went there at his own risk, and a terrible picture appeared before his eyes. After walking through several rooms, he saw Stalin lying on the floor and could not utter a word. For several days doctors fought for his life.
Thus, the year of Stalin's death was marked by conflicting opinions in society. Some were glad that the days of the dictator and tyrant had come to their logical end. Some, on the contrary, considered the leader’s inner circle to be traitors who, in one way or another, were involved in his death.
It is impossible to be 100% sure that conspirators from the top of the Politburo were involved in his death. Judging by some of the memoirs of Comrade Khrushchev himself and a number of close people, the leader that year no longer had the opportunity to govern the state; he was showing insanity and paranoia, which meant the inexorable approach of death. Despite the fact that he is no longer there, Stalin’s famous quotes have reached us, like “Shoot!” or “It doesn’t matter how they voted, it’s important how they counted.” They will be relevant for a long time, because the period of the life of the “father of nations” is forever included in all textbooks and remains in the memory of many people.
In order to understand his personality, it is necessary to draw your conclusions solely based on the few facts that are known from the direct speech of the leader himself. One thing is certain: Joseph Stalin, whose nationality can cause a lot of controversy, is a rather ambiguous personality. But, be that as it may, his assessment will always have several elements of subjectivity, which is based on everyone’s personal understanding of world and Soviet history.
In the modern world, Stalin’s nationality may cause some controversy, this is all due to a certain aura of mystery of his birth and origin, but, as the leader himself liked to say: “I am not a European, but a Russified Georgian-Asian.”
