(1899–1951)
The real name is Klimentov.
He was born in a working-class suburb of Voronezh in a large family with many children. His father worked as a mechanic, and then as an assistant driver of the Voronezh railway workshops. Andrei was the eldest child in the family, and he had nine more brothers and sisters. He studied at a parochial school, in 1914 he was forced to leave his studies and go to work to help feed his family. So
from the age of fourteen, he began to work, first as an auxiliary worker, and then acquired the specialties of a foundry fitter and assistant machinist.
The impressions of a difficult childhood full of adult worries were reflected in the story "Semyon" (1927), in which the image of the title character has autobiographical features. From the age of 12, Platonov wrote poetry. Subsequently, Platonov's book of poems "Blue Depth" (1922, Voronezh) received a positive assessment from V. Bryusov.
Until 1917, he changed several professions: he was an auxiliary worker, a foundry worker, a locksmith, etc. According to Platonov, "life immediately turned me from a child into an adult, depriving me of my youth."
After the revolution, Platonov ended up in the Red Army. And he signed up there voluntarily. While in the army, he first began to write, publishing his poems and short essays in various small newspapers. After demobilization, Platonov decided to fulfill his old dream and entered the Voronezh Polytechnic Institute, but did not leave his literary studies. He publishes his materials in local newspapers, speaks at literary and journalistic meetings.
After graduating from the institute, Platonov dreamed of devoting himself entirely to literature, but life forced him to change his plans. I had to take care of the family, so I had to write in fits and starts. For several years, Platonov has been working as a provincial reclamator and electrical engineer, travels around collective farms and helps to set up the economy. This hectic life he reflects in his stories written at that time. In 1922, Platonov married a village teacher M.A. Kashintseva. After the death of the writer M.A. Platonova did a lot to preserve his literary heritage, to publish it
A strong shock for the young engineer was the drought of 1925. He thought a lot about its tragic consequences and then for the first time realized that as a writer he can be no less useful in transforming life than as a specialist.
In 1926, Platonov arrived in Moscow and brought with him the manuscript of the first collection of stories "Epifan Gateways", which was soon published and received a favorable assessment from M. Gorky. He was followed by the story "The Hidden Man" (1928). The writer himself at this time works in Tambov as an assistant to the head of the melioration department. His family is in Moscow, and Platonov writes long letters to his wife almost daily. Gradually,
Illusion #1 under the influence of the tragic events of collectivization, the writer parted with the illusion, that technology can solve all social problems.
For some time, Platonov was a member of the literary group "Pass". Membership in the "Pass", as well as the publication in 1929 of the story READ " Doubting Makar" caused a wave of criticism of Platonov. The writer was accused of distorting reality and of the worst sin at that time - the preaching of humanism.
In the same year, A.M. Gorky received a sharply negative assessment and Platonov’s novel Chevengur (1926-1929, published in 1972 in France, in 1988 in the USSR) was banned for publication. "Chevengur" became not only the largest work of Platonov in terms of volume, but also an important milestone in his work. The writer brought to the point of absurdity the ideas of the communist reorganization of life, which owned him in his youth, showing their tragic impracticability.
The reorganization of life is the central theme of the story The Pit (1930, published in 1969 in the FRG, in 1987 in the USSR), which takes place during the first five-year plan. The “general proletarian house”, for which the heroes of the story are digging a foundation pit, is a symbol of the communist utopia, “earthly paradise”. The foundation pit becomes a grave for the girl Nastya, who symbolizes the future of Russia in the story. The construction of socialism evokes associations with the biblical story about the construction of the Tower of Babel. The Foundation Pit also embodies the traditional for Platonic motive of wandering, during which a person comprehends the truth, passing space through himself.
A kind of instigator of the campaign launched against Platonov was A. Fadeev, who shortly before that became one of the leaders of the Writers' Union. The publication of the story-chronicle "For the future" with a devastating afterword by A. Fadeev (1931), in which the collectivization of agriculture was shown as a tragedy, made the publication of most of Platonov's works impossible.
Since that time, only small reviews and critical articles by Platonov have appeared in the press. Platonov, along with K. Paustovsky, begins to write fairy tales and becomes known for his adaptations of world folklore plots. These works were not banned, so Platonov sometimes added original works to his adaptations of classical authors.
In 1933, as part of a group of writers, Platonov made a long journey through Turkestan. As a result of this trip, his fantastic story "Jan" appeared.
Platonov's great novel The Juvenile Sea adjoins the story "Jan", in which, with bitter irony, the writer shows the absurdity of the desert transformation projects that were so popular in the thirties. Written in the 1930s, the plays "Street Organ" and "14 Red Huts" were not published during the author's lifetime.
The publication of Platonov's works was allowed during the Patriotic War, when the prose writer worked as a front-line correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper and wrote stories on a military theme (Armor, Spiritual People, 1942; No Death!, 1943; Aphrodite, 1944 and others; 4 books were published). But when trouble comes to the Platonovs' house - the only son dies at the front, the writer again experiences bitter disappointment in life. This mood of Platonov is reflected in his story "The Ivanov Family". After his story "The Ivanov Family" (another name is "The Return") was subjected to ideological criticism in 1946, Platonov's name was deleted from Soviet literature.
Written in the 1930s, Happy Moscow was only discovered in the 1990s. The first book after a long break, The Magic Ring and other fairy tales, was published in 1954, after the author's death. All publications of Platonov's works were accompanied by censorship restrictions during the Soviet period.
After the war, the writer has nowhere and nothing to live on, so he settles in the wing of the Literary Institute and works as a janitor. True, even in these difficult years, joyful events sometimes happened in his life, such as the birth of a long-awaited daughter. Subsequently, she would become the custodian of her father's archive and the principal publisher of his manuscripts. However, the writer himself by that time was already seriously ill. In the winter of 1951, he died of tuberculosis. Platonov's main works were published in Russia only after 1988.
Andrey Platonovich Platonov - Soviet prose writer, poet, publicist, playwright. Most of the author's best works were published after his death.
Andrei Platonovich was born in August 1899 in Yamskaya Sloboda (Voronezh). The boy was the firstborn in the family of a railway worker. The father of the future writer, Platon Firsovich Klimentov, was a locomotive driver and mechanic, he was twice awarded the title of Hero of Labor. Mother Maria Vasilievna Lobochikhina was the daughter of a watchmaker. After marriage, the woman took care of the household.
The Klimentov family was large. During her life, Maria Vasilievna gave birth to eleven children. Platon Firsovich spent almost all his time in the workshops. Older children from a young age helped their father earn money to feed the family.
At the age of seven, Andrei was enrolled in a parochial school. In 1909, the boy entered the city's four-year school. From the age of 13, the future writer began to work for hire. The young man tried different professions, until the age of eighteen he managed to work in many workshops in Voronezh.
Andrei Klimentov entered the railway technical school in 1918. The Civil War prevented the young man from completing his studies. For Andrey, a new period of life has come. He went through the Civil War in the ranks of the Red Army. The October Revolution was an impetus for creativity for a young man.
In the early twenties, Klimentov changed his surname and began to cooperate with the editorial offices of various magazines and newspapers in Voronezh. He tried himself as a poet, publicist, critic, columnist. In 1921, Andrei Platonov's first book, entitled "Electrification", was published. His earlier stories are aggressive. The change of tone in the writer's work occurred in 1921 after meeting with his future wife.
In the year of the birth of his first child, Platonov published a collection of poems "Blue Depth". In 1926, the writer completed work on the manuscript of the story "Epiphany Gateways". Moving to Moscow and a certain amount of fame inspired the author. The next year was very fruitful for Platonov. From the writer's pen came the stories "The Secret Man", "The City of Gradov", "Ethereal Path", as well as the stories "The Sandy Teacher", "How Ilyich's Lamp Was Lit", "Yamskaya Sloboda".
Platonov created his main works at the turn of the thirties of the last century. In 1929 he finished work on the novel "Chevengur", and in 1930 - on the social parable "The Pit". During the life of the writer, these works were not published. His relationship with power and censorship was very strained. The writer repeatedly fell into disgrace. The story "For the future", published in 1931, caused strong discontent. The politician demanded to deprive the writer of the opportunity to publish.
Illustration for Andrey Platonov's story "Pit" In 1934, the pressure of the authorities eased a little. Platonov went with colleagues on a trip to Central Asia. The inspiration came to the writer after visiting Turkmenistan, and he wrote the story "Takyr", which caused a new wave of disapproval and criticism. When Stalin read some of Platonov's works, he left notes in the margins in the form of swear words characterizing the author.
Writer Andrei Platonov Despite the discontent of the authorities, the writer was able to publish several of his stories in 1936. After the outbreak of World War II, a place for the front-line theme appeared in his work. In the fifties, Platonov focused his attention on the literary processing of folk tales.
Andrei Platonov married at the age of 22. His chosen one was Maria Kashintseva. The girl was the first serious hobby of the writer. 6 years after the start of family life, Platonov wrote the story "The Sandy Teacher", which he dedicated to his wife. The plot was based on facts from the biography of Maria Alexandrovna.
Andrey Platonov with his wife Maria Kashintseva The future wife of the writer in 1921 left for the outback to avoid relations with Platonov. This "escape from love" formed the basis of the story about the teacher. Maria lived sixty kilometers from the city. The writer visited the bride two or three times a month. Maria's pregnancy finally decided the issue of her relationship with Platonov. The writer, with his perseverance, persuaded the girl to marry in 1921. In 1922, a son was born in the family, the boy was named Platon in honor of the writer's father.
In the same year, the prose writer's brother and sister died from poisoning with poisonous mushrooms. He experienced strong mental anguish, torn between the happiness of married life and family grief. The writer's mother did not find a common language with her daughter-in-law, Andrei Platonovich found himself in a difficult situation. He never managed to reconcile the two main women in his life.
In 1929, at the age of 54, the writer's mother died. Seven years after her death, Platonov wrote the story "The Third Son", dedicated to Maria Vasilievna.
The life of the grandson of the Klimentovs turned out to be short and tragic. Plato was sick a lot in childhood, grew up as a capricious and uncontrollable young man. At the age of fifteen, he went to prison. In conclusion, Plato fell ill with tuberculosis. The young man died of consumption at the age of twenty. Shortly before his death, Platon Andreevich became a father.
The personal life of the writer was reflected in the work of Platonov. His heroes suffered with him, loved with him, went crazy and died. Platonov became a grandfather, but the loss of his son broke his inner core.
In 1944, Maria Alexandrovna decided on a second birth. The writer's daughter Masha was born. Platonov at that time was already ill with consumption. The photo of the last years of the writer's life gives a clear idea of the state of his soul and body.
During the Second World War, Andrei Platonovich, with the rank of captain, served as a front-line correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper. The writer participated in the hostilities, did not sit out in the rear, was modest in the soldier's life. According to one version, Platonov contracted consumption during the war. The life of a soldier helped the writer to collect material for front-line stories and essays that were published in the Krasnaya Zvezda magazine.
In 1943, the only son of the writer died. Platonov looked after him for a long time, but the young man was never able to recover from his imprisonment. According to one version, the writer contracted tuberculosis from his son.
In 1946, Platonov was demobilized due to illness. In the same year, he completed work on the story "The Ivanov Family", which appeared in print under the title "Return". A wave of criticism again covered Platonov with his head. He was accused of slandering the victorious warriors and excommunicated from the press.
The last years of his life, Platonov had to engage in rough literary work for the sake of earning money. The writer's work focused around the processing of folk tales. Interest in children's literature appeared in Platonov because of his little daughter Mashenka. In 1950, the writer finished work on the fairy tales "The Unknown Flower" and "The Magic Ring". Based on these works, Soviet animators created animated films in the late seventies.
Monument to Andrei Platonov in Voronezh The writer died in the winter of 1951 in Moscow from consumption, he was buried in the Armenian cemetery. In 1952, the life of the writer's father ended. Platonov's wife died in 1983; she outlived her husband by three decades. Their daughter Maria Andreevna devoted her life to the work of publishing her father's works. She also created one of the versions of his biography.
Platonov's books began to be actively published in the eighties of the last century. The author's works aroused a wave of interest among a new generation of readers. In 2005, Maria Andreevna died and was buried in the Armenian cemetery.
PLATONOV, ANDREY PLATONOVICH(1899–1951), real name Klimentov, Russian prose writer, playwright. Born on August 16 (28), 1899 in a working-class suburb of Voronezh. He was the eldest son in the family of a railway workshop mechanic. The impressions of a difficult childhood full of adult worries were reflected in the story Semyon(1927), in which the image of the title character has autobiographical features. He studied at the parochial school, in 1914 he was forced to leave his studies and go to work. Until 1917, he changed several professions: he was an auxiliary worker, a foundry worker, a locksmith, etc., which he wrote about in his early stories Another(1918) and Seryoga and me(1921). According to Platonov, "life immediately turned me from a child into an adult, depriving me of my youth."
In 1918, Platonov entered the Voronezh Railway Polytechnic School, realizing the interest in machines and mechanisms that had manifested in him since childhood. For some time, interrupting his studies, he worked as an assistant driver. In 1921 he wrote a pamphlet electrification and after graduating from a technical school (1921) called electrical engineering his main specialty. The need to learn Platonov explained in the story Potudan River(1937) as a desire to "quickly acquire higher knowledge" in order to overcome the meaninglessness of life. The heroes of many of his stories ( At the foggy dawn youth, old mechanic etc.) are railroad workers, whose life he knew well from childhood and youth.
From the age of 12, Platonov wrote poetry. In 1918, he began working as a journalist in the Voronezh newspapers Izvestia fortified area, Krasnaya Derevnya, and others. In 1918, Platonov’s poems ( Night, Yearning etc.), his story was published Another as well as essays, articles and reviews. Since that time, Platonov has become one of the most prominent writers in Voronezh, actively appears in periodicals, including under pseudonyms (Elp. Baklazhanov, A. Firsov, etc.). In 1920, Platonov joined the RCP(b), but a year later, of his own free will, he left the party.
Platonov's book of poems Blue depth(1922, Voronezh) received a positive assessment from V. Bryusov. However, at this time, under the impression of the drought of 1921, which led to mass starvation among the peasants, Platonov decided to change his occupation. In his autobiography of 1924, he wrote: "Being a technician, I could no longer engage in contemplative work - literature." In 1922-1926 Platonov worked in the Voronezh Provincial Land Department, engaged in land reclamation and electrification of agriculture. He appeared in the press with numerous articles on land reclamation and electrification, in which he saw the possibility of a "bloodless revolution", a radical change for the better in people's life. The impressions of these years were embodied in the story motherland electricity and other works of Platonov in the 1920s.
In 1922, Platonov married a village teacher M.A. Kashintseva, to whom he dedicated the story Epiphany locks(1927). The wife became the prototype of the title character of the story Sand teacher. After the death of the writer, M.A. Platonova did a lot to preserve his literary heritage and publish his works.
In 1926, Platonov was recalled to work in Moscow at the People's Commissariat. He was sent to engineering and administrative work in Tambov. The image of this "philistine" city, its Soviet bureaucracy is recognizable in a satirical story City Gradov(1926). Soon Platonov returned to Moscow and, leaving the service in the People's Commissariat of Agriculture, became a professional writer.
The first serious publication in the capital was the story Epiphany locks. The story followed Intimate Man(1928). Described in Epiphany locks The transformations of Peter the Great echoed in Platonov's work with contemporary "leading" communist projects for the global reorganization of life. This topic is the main one in the essay. Che-Che-Oh(1928), written jointly with B. Pilnyak after a trip to Voronezh as correspondents for the Novy Mir magazine.
For some time, Platonov was a member of the literary group "Pass". Membership in the "Pass", as well as the publication in 1929 of the story Doubting Makar caused a wave of criticism of Platonov. In the same year, A.M. Gorky received a sharply negative assessment and Platonov's novel was banned for publication. Chevengur(1926-1929, published in 1972 in France, in 1988 in the USSR).
Chevengur became not only the largest work of Platonov in terms of volume, but also an important milestone in his work. The writer brought to the point of absurdity the ideas of the communist reorganization of life, which owned him in his youth, showing their tragic impracticability. The features of reality acquired a grotesque character in the novel, in accordance with this, the surrealist style of the work was formed. His heroes feel their orphanhood in a godless world, their disconnection from the “soul of the world”, which is embodied for them in incorporeal images (for the revolutionary Kopenkin, in the image of Rosa Luxemburg, unknown to him). Trying to comprehend the secrets of life and death, the characters of the novel build socialism in the county town of Chevengur, choosing it as a place where the good of life, the accuracy of truth and the sorrow of existence "occur by themselves as needed." In the utopian Chevengur, Chekists kill bourgeois and semi-bourgeois, and the proletarians feed on the "food leftovers of the bourgeoisie", because the main profession of a person is his soul. According to one of the characters, "a Bolshevik must have an empty heart so that everything can fit in there." At the end of the novel, the protagonist Alexander Dvanov dies of his own free will in order to comprehend the secret of death, because he understands that the secret of life cannot be solved by the methods that are used to transform it.
The reorganization of life is the central theme of the story. foundation pit(1930, published in 1969 in Germany, in 1987 in the USSR), which takes place during the first five-year plan. The “general proletarian house”, for which the heroes of the story are digging a foundation pit, is a symbol of the communist utopia, “earthly paradise”. The foundation pit becomes a grave for the girl Nastya, who symbolizes the future of Russia in the story. The construction of socialism evokes associations with the biblical story about the construction of the Tower of Babel. AT foundation pit the motive of the journey, traditional for Platonov, is also embodied, during which a person - in this case, the unemployed Voshchev - comprehends the truth, passing space through himself. In an afterword to the American edition foundation pit I. Brodsky noted the surrealism of Platonov, which was fully expressed in the image of the hammer-bear participating in the construction. According to Brodsky, Platonov "subjected himself to the language of the era, seeing in it such abysses, looking into which once, he could no longer slide on the literary surface."
Publication of the story-chronicle For future use with a devastating afterword by A. Fadeev (1931), in which the collectivization of agriculture was shown as a tragedy, made the publication of most of Platonov's works impossible. The exception was a collection of prose Potudan River(1937). Tale Jan (1935), Juvenile Sea(1934), plays written in the 1930s barrel organ and 14 Red Cabins were not published during the lifetime of the author. The publication of Platonov's works was allowed during the Patriotic War, when the prose writer worked as a front-line correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper and wrote stories on a military theme ( Armor, soulful people, 1942; Of death No!, 1943; Aphrodite, 1944 and others; 4 books published. After his story A family Ivanova(other name - Return) in 1946 was subjected to ideological criticism, the name of Platonov was deleted from Soviet literature. Novel written in the 1930s Happy Moscow was discovered only in the 1990s. First book after a long break The Magic Ring and Other Tales was published in 1954, after the death of the author. All publications of Platonov's works were accompanied by censorship restrictions during the Soviet period.
Biography and episodes of life Andrey Platonov. When born and died Andrei Platonov, memorable places and dates of important events in his life. writer quotes, Photo and video.
"Without me, the people are not complete!"
The inscription on the monument to Platonov in Voronezh, a quote from the story "The Old Mechanic"
The biography of Andrei Platonov is the story of a man of difficult fate who went through persecution and persecution, misunderstanding and betrayal, loss of loved ones and a serious illness. During his lifetime, Platonov never received the well-deserved fame and fortune. He found his reader after his death. As the Russian literary critic Vladimir Vasiliev said about this: “The reader missed Andrei Platonov.”
He was born in a large family and started working at the age of thirteen in order to somehow help his father feed everyone. In 1918, Andrei entered the Voronezh Polytechnic, but the civil war interfered with his plans. Platonov began to write even then, although after the war he entered the Polytechnic Institute and seriously took up the issues of electrification of the country, without parting with the writing business. Platonov's creative biography began after he moved to Moscow, where in 1927 Platonov's collection of short stories Epiphany Gateways was published. The stories were warmly received, Gorky even saw in Platonov's prose a resemblance to Gogol. Platonov's books began to come out one after another, but soon the very small literary glory came to an end - Stalin himself negatively assessed Platonov's talent, calling the writer a "bastard". Platonov did not correspond to the ideological considerations of the leader, and this put an end to his career. After some time, he was still able to publish his stories again, but many works could not see the light during Platonov's lifetime - such as the dramas Chevengur and Pit. Platonov worked as an engineer, but continued to write - stories, novels, plays, acted as a literary critic. In 1938, Platonov's son was arrested, and when he was released two years later, he was already terminally ill with tuberculosis. Platonov took care of his son and fell ill himself.
When the Great Patriotic War began, the writer's family was evacuated to Ufa, but Platonov went to the front, soon becoming a military journalist. He went through the war already suffering from tuberculosis, Platonov's son died in 1943. Immediately after the war, Platonov published the story "Return" about the life of people in the post-war period, which the authorities considered slanderous, and this greatly influenced the fate of the writer. The last years of his life, Platonov lived in poverty and hunger.
Platonov's death came on January 5, 1951. The cause of Platonov's death was tuberculosis. The funeral of Andrei Platonov took place on January 7 at the Armenian cemetery in Moscow, where Platonov's grave is today.
September 1, 1899 Date of birth of Andrei Platonovich Platonov (real name Klimentov).
1918 Admission to the Voronezh railway school.
1919 Mobilization in the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army.
1921 Graduation from college, the release of the first book "Electrification", the publication of poems.
1922 The birth of the son of Plato, the release of the book of poems "Blue Depth".
1926 Writing by Platonov of such works as "Ethereal Path", "City of Grads", "Epifan Gateways".
1931 Criticism of Platonov's works by Stalin, the beginning of persecution.
1938. The arrest of the fifteen-year-old son of Platonov.
1940 Release of Platonov's son.
1943 Death of Platonov's son from tuberculosis, birth of daughter Maria.
January 5, 1951 Date of Platonov's death.
January 7, 1951 Funeral of Platonov.
1. Voronezh, where Platonov was born.
2. Platonov Museum in the Voronezh Gymnasium. A. Platonov.
3. Voronezh Carriage Repair Plant named after E. Telman (former railway workshops), where Platonov worked.
4. Platonov's house in Moscow, where he lived in 1931 before getting his own apartment.
5. Platonov's house on Tverskoy Boulevard in Moscow, where he lived with his family in 1931-1951. and where a memorial plaque to the writer is installed today.
6. Armenian cemetery where Platonov is buried.
Andrei Platonov treated the earth as if it were alive. I was very worried about her. Therefore, he was seriously engaged in land reclamation and electrification. He wanted the people around him to live better, it was very painful for him to look at the devastation. During his life in Voronezh, Platonov constantly arranged some kind of free events in neighboring villages: either he grinded flour with his wife's father, or opened a cinema. True, the writer had almost no funds of his own, so all his ideas did not last long.
Platonov carried out land reclamation in Rogachevka together with his brother Peter. After they irrigated, the gardens in Rogachevka blossomed with might and main. In autumn, the harvest was surprisingly rich, and one day a truck with a huge amount of pears arrived at Platonov's house. Then Platonov asked to gather all the Voronezh children: "Let them come, eat as much as they want and take with them."
Monument to Platonov in Voronezh, the grave of Platonov, his wife and children at the Armenian cemetery
“Art must die - in the sense that it must be replaced by something ordinary, human; a person can sing well without a voice, if he has a special, real enthusiasm for life.
Documentary film from the cycle "Geniuses and Villains" about Andrey Platonov
“Andrey did not live long and hard. Little was printed. Critics met almost every new story of his with absurd accusations, either not understanding the essence of the works, or getting used to one-sided, and sometimes even biased assessments of his work. But Andrei did not sing along with falsetto to anyone and did not twist his conscience. Never in my life."
Nikolai Zadonsky, writer, playwright
“There are writers of easy fate. And there is a difficult one. Andrey Platonov had everything - an outstanding talent, extensive education, knowledge of life. One thing was not given to him: worldly dexterity. But the absence of it also adorns a person. Andrei Platonov was a writer of difficult fate. And yet, by nature, he was a joyful person. Even in the most difficult days for himself, he retained a bright spirit. He lived with an open heart."
Lev Slavin, playwright, writer
Andrei Klimentov was born on August 20 (September 1), 1899 in Voronezh in a working-class family, in which, in addition to Andrei, 10 more children were born. Being the eldest son, Andrei Platonovich helps his parents in raising his brothers and sisters, and later begins to provide financially.
Education in the biography of Platonov (he changed his surname in 1920) was first received at a parochial school, then at a 4-grade city school. Since 1918 he began to study at the technical school of Voronezh. Due to the difficult financial situation in the family, he began to work early. He changed many professions: he was an assistant driver, a pipe caster at a factory, worked in the insurance industry, in the production of millstones.
He began writing during the Civil War, as he worked as a war correspondent. This was followed by an active creative activity: Andrei Platonovich Platonov showed himself as a talented writer (publicist, poet) and critic. In 1921 he published his first book "Electrification", and in 1922 Platonov's book of poems "Blue Depth" was published, which received positive reviews from critics.
In 1923, the poet Valery Bryusov spoke positively about the collection of poems by Andrei Platonovich.
After graduating from the Polytechnic in 1924, Platonov worked as an electrical engineer and meliorator. Like many people of that time, the biography of Andrei Platonov is filled with idealistic revolutionary ideas. Expressing them in his works, the author eventually comes to the opposite opinion, realizing the impracticability of the plan.
In 1927-1930. Platonov writes some of his most significant works: the story "The Pit" and the novel "Chevengur".
Then a turning point comes in Platonov's life. After the publication of the story "For the future", which was sharply criticized by Joseph Stalin, the writer's works are refused to be published. During the Great Patriotic War, Platonov, as well as during the civil war, worked as a war correspondent. The stories and military stories of Platonov are being printed again.
However, the literary freedom of the writer did not last long. In 1946, when Platonov's story "The Return" was published, it was again stopped being printed due to excessive criticism, now forever. Probably, such events led him to ironic thoughts about the unrealizability of revolutionary ideas. The writer died on January 5, 1951 in Moscow from tuberculosis, and was buried in the Armenian cemetery.
Literary fame came to the writer after his death. As V. Vasiliev briefly noted: “The reader missed Andrei Platonov during his lifetime in order to get to know him in the 60s and rediscover him in our time.”
In memory of the writer in Voronezh, a street, a library, a gymnasium, a literary prize are named after him, and a monument was erected in his honor in the city center.
