Mazhanova Daria
At the heart of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" is an ideological clash of two different generations, representatives of the "past century" and "present century". However, not all characters in the play can be assessed unambiguously.
Sofia Pavlovna Famusova is an extraordinary person. In the words of the author himself, she is “not stupid herself” and in many ways is opposed to noble society. This is the only character close to the main character Chatsky, who is on an equal footing with him. Sophia by nature has a lively mind, strong character, courage, independent of other people's opinions. The girl received a good education and, despite the anger of her father (“to collect all the books, but burn them”, “learning is the plague”), spends a lot of time reading. Sophia lives with a strong and real feeling, follows the dictates of her heart: “What is rumor to me? Whoever wants, so judges. Why did such a deep girl prefer the soulless careerist Molchalin to the ardent Chatsky?
Sophia was greatly influenced by the atmosphere of the Famus society that raised her. She has to build her life according to generally accepted patterns, and, like the ladies of her circle, dominating society and family, she dreams of a “servant husband”. It is precisely such a hero that Molchalin is, striving to "serve" more influential people ("should not dare to have his own opinion"). He is convenient for her, because the girl sees in him only a soft, quiet, modest, meek, without sins person. Although she is smart, she is spoiled, and Molchalin will do what she needs.
However, Sophia, who grew up on sentimental French novels, actually fell in love with her chosen one, saw a romantic hero in the insignificant Molchalin, imagined him as her ideal. “He takes his hand, presses it to his heart, He sighs from the depths of his soul, Not a free word, and so the whole night passes, Hand with hand, and does not take his eyes off me,” - this is how a young man in love should behave in her eyes. As it seems to her, she has found a suitable submissive and timid chosen one. She does not need the passionate, passionate and crazy love of Chatsky, because once he had already left her, left, leaving her bored. The girl still cannot forgive the hero for "hunting to wander": "if someone loves whom, Why look for the mind, and travel so far?" Because of this resentment, blinded by "fictitious love", Sophia does not notice the stupidity of Molchalin, turns all his vices into virtues, largely because they are opposite to Chatsky's traits. She appreciates that Molchalin "is ready to forget himself for others, the enemy of insolence is always shy, timid." Sophia understands that “there is no such mind in him,” but she does not need such a mind, because “will such a mind make the family happy?” The girl loves and therefore is deprived of the opportunity to reason sensibly, does not see that all the positive qualities that she likes so much in Molchalin are explained by his prudence and indifference, cannot distinguish his fake feeling from Chatsky's sincere love.
The image of Sophia is extremely ambiguous. Her main “woe” is that she fell in love with a person without seeing his true appearance, only under the influence of romantic works and the laws that have developed in society. So the openness, the naivety of her soul turns against herself.
Why does Sophia prefer the fool Molchalin to the clever Chatsky?
At the heart of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" is an ideological clash of two different generations, representatives of the "past century" and "present century". However, not all characters in the play can be assessed unambiguously.
Sofia Pavlovna Famusova is an extraordinary person. In the words of the author himself, she is “not stupid herself” and in many ways is opposed to noble society. This is the only character close to the main character Chatsky, who is on an equal footing with him. Sophia by nature has a lively mind, strong character, courage, independent of other people's opinions. The girl received a good education and, despite the anger of her father (“to collect all the books, but burn them”, “learning is the plague”), spends a lot of time reading. Sophia lives with a strong and real feeling,follows the dictates of his heart: “What is the rumor to me? Whoever wants, so judges ". Why did such a deep girl prefer the soulless careerist Molchalin to the ardent Chatsky?
Sophia was greatly influenced by the atmosphere of the Famus society that raised her. She has to build her life according to generally accepted patterns, and, like the ladies of her circle, dominating society and family, she dreams of a “servant husband”. It is precisely such a hero that Molchalin is, striving to "serve" more influential people ("should not dare to have his own opinion"). He is convenient for her, because the girl sees in him only a soft, quiet, modest, meek, without sins person. Although she is smart, she is spoiled, and Molchalin will do what she needs.
However, Sophia, who grew up on sentimental French novels, actually fell in love with her chosen one, saw a romantic hero in the insignificant Molchalin, imagined him as her ideal. “He takes his hand, presses it to his heart, He sighs from the depths of his soul, Not a free word, and so the whole night passes, Hand with hand, and does not take his eyes off me,” - this is how a young man in love should behave in her eyes. As it seems to her, she has found a suitable submissive and timid chosen one. She does not need the passionate, passionate and crazy love of Chatsky, because once he had already left her, left, leaving her bored. The girl still cannot forgive the hero for “hunting to wander”: “if someone loves whom, Why look for the mind, and travel so far? Because of this resentment, blinded by "fictitious love", Sophia does not notice the stupidity of Molchalin, turns all his vices into virtues, largely because they are opposite to Chatsky's traits.She appreciates that Molchalin "is ready to forget himself for others, the enemy of insolence is always shy, timid." Sophia understands that “there is no such mind in him,” but she does not need such a mind, because “will such a mind make the family happy?” The girl loves and therefore is deprived of the opportunity to reason sensibly, does not see that all the positive qualities that she likes so much in Molchalin are explained by his prudence and indifference, cannot distinguish his fake feeling from Chatsky's sincere love.
The image of Sophia is extremely ambiguous. Her main “woe” is that she fell in love with a person without seeing his true appearance, only under the influence of romantic works and the laws that have developed in society. So the openness, the naivety of her soul turns against herself.
We meet with Alexei Stepanovich Molchalin at the very beginning of the comedy by A. S. Griboedov “ Woe from Wit". Chatsky speaks of him with irony and even contempt:
And yet, he will reach certain degrees,
After all, today they love the dumb.
And immediately we find out that Sophia loves him. The question arises: What kind of Sophia fell in love with Molchalin? She is a girl, no doubt, smart, educated, fell in love with such a nonentity as Molchalin? In order to correctly answer this question, you need to consider in detail the image of Molchalin.
Molchalin comes from a poor family. His father, obviously, was a petty official, and therefore, sending his son to the service, he gave him valuable advice, which he remembered all the time. Molchalin speaks about this advice to the maid Lisa:
My father bequeathed to me:
First, to please all people without exception -
The owner, where he happens to live,
The boss with whom I will serve,
To his servant who cleans dresses,
Doorman, janitor to avoid evil
The janitor's dog, so that it was affectionate.
And Alexey Stepanovich always followed this "testament" in the service. Thanks to his two qualities - "moderation and accuracy", which every official needed, and also thanks to his business qualities, Molchalin is successfully making a career. Famusov noticed him, transferred him to serve from provincial Tver to Moscow, “gave him the rank of assessor and took him as a secretary,” and even settled him in his house. Molchalin has already received three service awards, and we are sure that he will reach the very heights of power, because he knows how to find the right patron for himself. Molchalin pleases both Famusov, and Sofya, and Famusov's guests: he "pats the pug in time there, rubs the card just right."
Molchalin, to please Sophia, takes the form of a lover. He understands that Sophia, having read many French romance novels, imagines herself to be the heroine of the same novel. She wants a modest, noble young man to secretly sigh for her, and she would patronize him. Molchalin plays such a role perfectly:
He takes his hand, shakes his heart,
Breathe from the depths of your soul
Not a free word...
Sophia fell in love with Molchalin for his curiosity, modesty and some special "talent" to please. Indeed, aliya managed to please many, many people will gladly accept him.
But Sophia was cruelly mistaken in Molchalin: he does not love her at all and does not think about marrying her. The heroine invented a "romantic hero" for herself, and therefore this insight was so painful. However, Sophia did not have the courage to immediately reject Molchalin when she saw his true face. It can be assumed that Molchalin will be forced to look for another patron, and perhaps he "We'll manage to beg Sophia to forgive him. And Sophia will surely remember this cruel lesson for the rest of her life."
The writing What kind of Sophia fell in love with Molchalin? (Woe from Wit)
Molchalin and Sofia. The meaning of images in A. S. Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit"
You will make peace with him, after reflection and mature.
A. S. Griboyedov
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is a talented author of the comedy "Woe from Wit". For 180 years now, she has never ceased to amaze and delight more and more generations of readers with the truthfulness of the images created by the author, and with her bright, juicy, unparalleled language.
Of great importance in understanding the author's intention, a critical assessment of contemporary reality, were played by two heroes of the comedy - Sophia and Molchalin. In general, the play presents a classic "love triangle". Griboedov skillfully managed to draw the tragicomedy of this situation, bringing the “eternal characters” to the stage and showing their experiences, intrigues, and the collapse of dreams. Sophia is the daughter of a wealthy Moscow gentleman, bored in her father's house, she drew attention to an insignificant person, Molchalin Alexei Stepanovich, imagining him "the hero of her novel." Chatsky's departure pushed Sophia to Molchalin. Because of her youth and inexperience, she chose Alexei Stepanovich as the “object of passion”, and who else could attract her attention, not Skalozub.
About the departed Chatsky, she says with resentment: He thought highly of himself ... The desire to wander attacked him, Ah! if someone loves whom, Why look for the mind, and travel so far? Sophia is quite selfish, she wants the world to revolve around her. She takes Molchalin's servility, pretense and flattery for love and recklessly gives her soul and heart to this cold and prudent "lackey". Molchalin is ready to forget himself for others, impudence, - always shyly, timidly kissing with whom you can spend like that!
She is unaware that Molchalin's restraint is due to love and respect, but to the indifference and prudence of an egoist unceremoniously going towards his goal. He perfectly mastered the laws of society, into the "higher spheres" of which he will make his way by any means, therefore he knows: Ah! Evil tongues are worse than a gun. Here, sincerity, ardor of the soul, patriotism and conscientious service in the name of the fatherland and cause are not needed, but the price is completely different: the pursuit of money, ranks, profitable parties, is profitable. mi places.
Molchalin knows the rules of this life very well. He adapted to the "powerful of this world" and confidently goes to the intended goal. And at the same time, he cannot deny himself "little weaknesses." He likes Sophia's maid - Liza. Alexei Stepanovich, at every opportunity, expresses his favor to her. He is unaware that his baseness is obvious even to the maid. He is so self-confident that he takes care of Lisa without any fear. What is your face! How I love you!.. Come to dinner, stay with me; I will reveal the whole truth to you ... My angel, I would like to feel half the same for her that I feel for you ...
Blinded by "fictitious love", Sophia does not want to notice the stupidity, insignificance and servility of Molchalin. She builds his vices into virtues, it is so convenient for her. She does not want to see real life, but, having read novels, she endows the first person she meets with the necessary features who comes "under the arm". Sophia is smart enough, but she is the flesh of the flesh of this society and lives according to its laws. She knows how to lie, dodge, slander brilliantly, therefore she circles even an experienced father around her finger. Like any spoiled young lady, she does as she pleases. For the sake of boredom, she drew attention to Molchalin, but then she sincerely fell in love, not realizing that he was a liar and a hypocrite, and not in love with her.
At the first meeting, Sophia admits to Chatsky that she loves Molchalin, only he does not want to believe, to understand the obvious. Look, he has gained the friendship of everyone in the house. He has been serving with the priest for three years, He often gets angry to no avail, And he will disarm him with silence, Forgive him from the kindness of his soul, by the way, I could look for favors; Not at all. she won’t step over the threshold from old people .. Now, already in love, Sophia is not afraid of either her father’s anger or the opinions of others, her ardent nature longs for happiness, and the more terrible her “sobering up”, the more she was deceived, seeing in Molchalin an ideal.
I don't remember anything, don't bother me.
Memories! like a sharp knife.
Don't be mean, stand up.
I don't want an answer, I know your answer
Lie...
But he could also say about Sophia and Chatsky, there is more difference in them than in Sophia and Molchalin. Alexander Andreevich knowingly says that for Sophia this is not yet a disaster. You will make peace with him, on mature reflection. To destroy yourself, and for what! Think, you can always take care of him, and swaddle, and send him away for business. Husband-boy, husband-servant, from the wife's pages - The high ideal of all Moscow men. One can only be surprised at the foresight and brilliant foresight of A.S. Griboedov, who predicted the behavior of people many years in advance. The images of Sophia and Molchalin are key in the comedy "Woe from Wit". They illustrate the relationship of people connected not with sincere love and respect, but with selfishness and selfish aspirations for the goals set.
Combining the features of classicism and realism in the comedy "Go", G-dov abandoned the one-sidedness in the depiction of heroes. Therefore, there are no ideal, positive characters in the play, but Chatsky, Sofya, Molchalin, Famusov and others appeared before us as living ones.
No wonder Goncharov noted and appreciated in Sophia "character traits of a lively and realistic." Sophia has her pros and cons, advantages and disadvantages. She is smart, determined, independent. It is no coincidence that even the very name of the heroine Sophia is "wise." Her speech, bright, figurative, emotional, aphoristic, corresponds to the character of a young girl ("Happy hours do not watch"). Sophia in the comedy is assigned the difficult role of repelling Chatsky's attack. In critical situations, she shows not only determination and resourcefulness.
Let us recall the episode when, in an effort to divert the attention of the priest from the presence of Molchalin in her room, she composes a dream that allegedly upset her. This dream, invented on the go, testifies to Sophia's subtle mind, her outstanding literary abilities.
Chatsky fell in love with Sophia, first of all, for her subtle mind, independence of views, independence in decision-making, in relations with people. The strong, proud character of the girl is sympathetic. Chatsky falls madly in love: "I love you without memory." It is no coincidence that, returning to Moscow from distant countries, he constantly appeals to her mind. Sophia is smart in her own way, she reads a lot (“She can’t sleep from French books”), but the subject of her reading is sentimental novels that describe love stories (their characters are poor and have no position in society).
Sophia admires their loyalty, devotion, readiness to sacrifice everything in the name of love. Under the influence of these novels, she develops an idea of \u200b\u200bthe ideal hero whom she would like to love. Sophia imagined Molchalin as such a romantic hero. Here is the external line of behavior of Molchalin alone with Sophia: "he takes his hand, presses it to his heart ...". This is how the heroes of French novels behave.
But Chatsky is not like that. Although he was in love with Sophia, he left her for three whole years and left to wander. During this time, Chatsky did not write a single line. And significant changes were taking place in Sophia, her attitude towards Chatsky was changing. The psychology of young girls is such that they need love, affection, attention, admiration. Separation, they can not endure.
The same thing happened with Sophia. But in Chatsky, love did not die out. Hence the love drama - misunderstanding of one hero by another. In the play "Go" each character draws up a life scheme for himself. Here is the main conflict according to G-dov (the conflict of life and schemes). There is nothing wrong with the fact that a young girl wants to feel like a heroine of a novel, something else is bad - she does not see the difference between romantic fiction and life, she does not know how to distinguish a true feeling from a fake. She loves, but her chosen one is serving his confession: And now I take the form of a lover In the pleasing of the daughter of such a person ...
Following literary cliches leads to a tragic denouement, bitter insight, and the collapse of ideals. Sophia has her own plan, in her family life she wants to be happy. Perhaps that is why she chose Molchalin, who can be commanded, who is so suitable for the role of "husband-boy, husband-servant." Sofya rejects Chatsky not only because of a feeling of offended female pride, but also because the independent, impudent, freedom-loving and rebellious Chatsky scares her: “Will such a mind make a family happy?” Therefore, G-dov wrote about his heroine in this way: "The girl herself is not stupid, she prefers a fool to a smart person."
At the end of the play, Chatsky accuses the heroine of forgetting "female fear and shame": And dear, for whom both the former friend and female fear and shame are forgotten - He hides behind the door, afraid to be answered. And Chatsky, and Katenin, and even Pushkin accused the heroine: "Sophia crossed the boundaries of behavior set for the young lady of her circle. She violated decency!" Sophia thus challenged the old views on love, marriage. If Chatsky shakes the social foundations, then Sophia shakes the moral ones. And the tsarist censorship forbade this play to be printed and staged not because of Chatsky's seditious speech, but because of Sophia's violation of moral standards of behavior.
Unlike Famusov, Molchalin, and other characters in the play, Sofya is not afraid of the judgment of others: "But what do I care about whom? before them? before the whole universe?" Sofya Pavlovna blames herself for her mistakes: "Don't go on, I blame myself all around." This means that this girl has a sense of responsibility for her own actions. It is worth paying attention to the fact that Chatsky, fighting for a free way of thinking, behavior, life, denies this right to Sophia. Sophia calmly keeps herself in the last scene of the comedy, when the meanness and baseness of Molchalin is revealed.
The heroine is very hard, because everything happens in the presence of Chatsky. She, a beautiful, intelligent, educated noblewoman, was preferred to a maid. But after all, Sophia is young, let's forgive the mistakes of youth, it's not for nothing that the wise Pushkin wrote in the novel "Eugene Onegin": Let's forgive the fever of youth And youthful fever and youthful delirium. In G-dov, all the heroes who set goals in life fail. A kind of "woe from the mind", if you understand the mind as a developed plan of action, the desire to mold life from someone. But life doesn't go according to plan.
The love line of the play means one simple truth, life is a secret burning, flight. G-dov, in my opinion, wrote a play about life, not about politics, and about the most important thing in life - about love. Goncharov wrote that in Sophia "there are strong inclinations of remarkable nature." And indeed it is. It is necessary to appreciate in this girl "features of a lively and realistic character." It is Sofia Pavlovna Famusova who begins the gallery of beautiful images of Russian women in our literature.
The comedy "Woe from Wit" depicts the customs of the nobles of Moscow at the beginning of the 19th century. Griboedov shows the clash of the views of the feudal landowners (the conservative stratum of the population) with the progressive ideas of the younger generation of nobles. This conflict is shown as a struggle between two camps. The "current age" seeks to transform society through true citizenship, while the "past century" seeks to protect its personal comfort and mercantile interests.
However, there are also characters who cannot be unambiguously attributed to one or another opposing side. This, for example, is the image of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit". We will talk about it today.
The image of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit" is one of the most complex in the characterization of this heroine is contradictory. On the one hand, she is the only person who is close in spirit to Alexander Chatsky. On the other hand, Sophia is the cause of the protagonist's suffering. It is because of her that he is expelled from
No wonder Chatsky fell in love with this girl. Even though she now calls their youthful love childish, once Sofya Pavlovna attracted the main character with her strong character, natural mind, and independence from the opinions of others. For the same reasons, Chatsky was nice to her.
From the first pages of the work, we learn that the heroine is well educated, she loves to read books. This is evidenced by many of Sophia's quotes from Woe from Wit. Passion for books displeases her father. After all, this person believes that "learning is the plague," that "there is no great use in it." This is the first discrepancy in the views of the heroine with the views of the nobles of the "past century".
Naturally, this girl's passion for Molchalin. The image of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit" should be supplemented by the fact that the girl is a fan of French novels. That is why the heroine saw in the laconicism and modesty of her lover. The girl does not realize that she has become a victim of Molchalin's deceit. This one was with her only for his own personal gain.
Sofya Famusova, in relations with Molchalin, shows those character traits that representatives of the "past century", including her father, would never have dared to show. If Molchalin is afraid to open his connection to society, because, as he believes, "evil tongues are worse than a gun," then the heroine we are interested in is not afraid of the opinion of the world. The girl in her actions follows the dictates of her own heart. This position, of course, makes the heroine related to Chatsky.
However, the image of Sophia in the comedy "Woe from Wit" should be supplemented by the fact that this girl is the daughter of her father. She was brought up in a society that values only money and ranks. The atmosphere in which the heroine grew up could not help but influence her.
The girl decided to choose Molchalin not only because of the positive qualities that she saw in him. The fact is that in the society to which the heroine belongs, women dominate - both in the family and in society. Suffice it to recall the Gorich couple (pictured above), whom we meet at the Famusovs' ball. Chatsky knew Platon Mikhailovich as an active, active military man. However, under the influence of his wife, he turned into some kind of weak-willed creature. Now Natalya Dmitrievna makes all decisions for him. She manages her husband like a thing, gives answers for him.
Obviously, Sofya Famusova, wanting to rule over her husband, decided to elect Molchalin for the role of her future husband. This character corresponds to the ideal of a spouse in the world of the Moscow nobles of that time.
Sophia in the work "Woe from Wit" is the most tragic character. The share of this heroine had more suffering than the share of Chatsky himself. First of all, this girl, naturally possessing intelligence, courage, determination, is forced to become a hostage of the society to which she belongs. She cannot afford to give free rein to feelings, to free herself from the influence of the opinions of others. Sofya Pavlovna ("Woe from Wit") was brought up as a representative of the conservative nobility and forced to live by the laws that it dictates.
In addition, the unexpected appearance of Chatsky threatens to destroy her personal happiness, which she is trying to build with Molchalin. The heroine, after the arrival of Alexander Andreevich, is in suspense all the time. She has to protect her lover from the attacks of Chatsky. The desire to save love, to protect Molchalin from ridicule, forces her to gossip about the madness of Alexander Andreevich. However, the girl turns out to be capable of this act only because of the great pressure of the society of which she is a member. And Sophia gradually merges with her circle.
This heroine is also unhappy because she has to endure the destruction of the ideal image of Molchalin, which has developed in her head. The girl becomes a witness to the conversation of her lover with the maid Lisa. The main tragedy of Sophia is that this heroine fell in love with a scoundrel. Molchalin played the role of Sofia Famusova's lover only because, thanks to this, he could receive another award or rank. In addition, the exposure of her lover takes place in the presence of Alexander Chatsky. This hurts the girl even more.
Of course, the role of Sophia ("Woe from Wit") is great. It is no coincidence that the author introduced it into his work. Sophia is in many ways opposed to her father and to noble society as a whole. The girl is not afraid to go against the opinion of the world, protecting love. However, feelings for Molchalin make her defend herself from Chatsky as well. But with this hero, she is very close in spirit. Chatsky is blackened in society precisely by the words of Sophia. He has to leave the Famus society.
If all other characters, except for Chatsky, take part only in social conflict, trying to protect their usual way of life and comfort, then this girl has to fight for her love. Goncharov wrote about Sofya that she was the hardest of all, that she got "a million torments." Unfortunately, it turns out that this girl's struggle for her feelings was in vain. Molchalin is an unworthy person, as it turns out at the end of the work "Woe from Wit".
Sophia would not be happy with someone like Chatsky. Most likely, she will choose a person as her wife who corresponds to the ideals of the Famus society. Sophia's character is strong, and it requires realization, and it will be possible only with a husband who will allow her to lead and command herself.
