Nowadays, many people try to diversify their leisure time. To do this, they come up with various activities and hobbies. The most popular of them are needlework and drawing. The latter is perfect for people who have not found themselves in other types of creativity. If you are one of them, then try to paint oil paintings. For beginners, this business will seem difficult, but following all the tips and tricks, you can master it and achieve good results.
Before you master a step-by-step oil painting master class for beginners, you need to choose the right tools and materials for the job. It is from this that the quality and attractiveness of your picture will depend.
Start preparing for drawing, should be with the choice of colors. Thanks to them, you can emphasize individual details of the picture and give it a complete look. Artists use the following types of paints for their work:
For graphics, gouache and watercolor are used, and for painting - oil, acrylic, tempera. For beginners, it is best to use oil paints. They can be easily found in specialized stores, and they are also easier to work with.
There is no generally accepted technique for painting oil paintings. Each artist chooses his own style, which follows in the process of creating all the paintings. Oil paints can be applied both pasty (undiluted paint) and liquid (with the addition of a solvent). By practicing with different application techniques, you can choose the best and most convenient way for you.
Starting from the 15th century, painters around the world began to use various oils (walnut, linseed, poppy) as binders. For example, the famous Dutch painter Peter Paul Rubens used oils that were pre-thickened and bleached by the sun, as well as resins that made his paint viscous. Because of this, they dried very quickly and had good adhesion to the canvas. Among Russian artists (Venetsianov, Rublev, Repin, Bryullov, Korovin), painting varnishes made from various resins were especially popular.
Most of the types of oils used practically do not change the color of the paint. At the same time, they dry out for a very long time and, hardening, form a fragile film. Because of this, paintings painted with the use of such paints require additional processing and care.
The best option for beginners is to use linseed oil as a binder. The paint with its addition dries rather quickly and does not require additional processing. Its only drawback is that when it dries, it gives the paint a light brown tint. To get rid of this unwanted change, artificial brighteners are used.
When buying oil paints, first of all, pay attention to their expiration date. If it has already been released or is running out, then refuse to buy or look for more “fresh” materials.
Oil paints are available in a huge number of color options. A beginner in this business should not buy them all. It is enough to acquire basic colors and learn how to work with them. Having received certain skills, you can always buy the paint of the missing shade. Oil paints are produced by many companies, so their price varies in a very wide range. If you are just taking the first steps in mastering painting, then it is best to abandon expensive options and give preference to simpler and cheaper ones.
The choice of solvent is also very important in preparation for work. The wrong material can ruin your paints and make them unusable for painting. Most often for dilution of paints use:
Before starting the study of the oil painting master class for beginners, you should correctly select and prepare the base on which the paint will be applied. You can work on the following surfaces:
Any of these bases must first be primed. This is necessary so that the paints fit better on the surface and stay on it. And also the primer prevents cracking and shrinkage of the applied paint layer.
Selected and prepared canvases are stretched on a stretcher (wooden frame) or attached to thick cardboard. An important criterion when choosing a canvas for work is its graininess. If you are going to paint pasty, then a coarse-grained surface will be the best option for you, if “thin” - fine-grained canvas. For beginners, it is best to choose something in between, and then proceed from your preferences.
The finished base can be bought at any store specializing in the sale of goods for painting. The cheapest option is primed cardboard. It and other types of bases can not only be purchased at the store, but also ordered online.
To fully study the oil painting master class, you need to prepare brushes. They are made from bristles, natural pile or synthetics. According to their form they are divided into:
You can find brushes in any specialty store or department. Their price directly depends on the quality of workmanship and the high cost of the material used. For beginners, the simplest options are suitable. With proper care, they can last you more than one month.
Washing after every use is essential to prolong their life. First, they are washed with any solvent, and then washed with ordinary soap. If the paint on the brush has already dried, then it must be placed in a container with turpentine and held there for several minutes. After that, it is washed with a solvent and laundry soap. Clean brushes are dried in a horizontal or vertical position.
In the process of learning how to draw an oil painting for beginners, the following types of brushes are used in stages:
Palette knives are tools that are used to mix paints and correct defects. For beginners, the best option would be to buy a diamond-shaped tool for painting and a rounded tool for a palette.
The palette is designed for mixing paints of different colors. This item can be easily found in any art supply store, or you can make your own from a piece of plastic or glass. After each use, the palette must be cleaned. If you do not want to waste time on this, then you can use any cardboard box or a cut package from juice or milk.
To get the maximum pleasure from drawing, it is important to choose the right place to work. It is best to paint in natural light. If this is not possible, then it is necessary to try to illuminate the work surface as best as possible. Make sure that the lamps do not cast glare on your picture and do not interfere with the creative process.
When choosing a room, preference should be given to those that are as far as possible from the bedroom, the playroom of children and animals. The room must be well ventilated, as materials with unpleasant odors are used during work. The room should not be too damp and dusty.
In order to learn how to draw with oil paints, it would be more correct to say, to write with oil paints, you need to have certain knowledge in this area, namely, to understand the variety of tools that are currently presented in a wide range in stores for artists. A novice artist may get lost by going into such a store without prior preparation, because the seemingly obvious set of what canvas, brushes and oil paints are considered to be for a good start in this matter will not be enough. This article aims to enable you to virtually visit an artist's shop, as if accompanied by an experienced mentor. So, let's begin!
The first thing you and I will choose is canvas. As a basis for painting with oil paints, you can choose various materials: board, cardboard, metal plate, glass, plastic. But if we are talking about classical painting, then, of course, you should choose a fabric that is primed in the right way, tightly stretched over a stretcher and ringing like a drum. Yes Yes! The canvas should not sag, its surface should be perfectly flat. In the old days, and even now, many professional artists stretch the fabric over stretcher themselves, they themselves primed it. Since these recommendations are intended for novice artists, we will not delve into the topic of stretching a canvas on a stretcher, we will talk about how to choose the right surface that is already ready for work, namely, a canvas already primed and stretched on a stretcher.
It's best to canvas canvas it was linen, it can be of medium or fine grain, have a smooth smooth surface without knots, the thickness of the canvas should be uniform everywhere. The graininess of the canvas is various irregularities and knots in the fabric, in the weaving of the threads of the canvas. If there are many such inclusions, the threads are coarse, then you have a canvas with a high grain size. It is suitable for drawing objects with a strong texture, such as old brick walls, knotted tree trunks, stones, rock fragments, etc. Here you can work with large pasty strokes, use a palette knife. Therefore, such a canvas is not suitable for painting objects with a delicate texture, for conveying delicate light and shade transitions. The gentle transparency of grapes and the face of a young girl cannot be drawn on such a surface. For such purposes, it would be right to choose a canvas finer workmanship, smoother, that is, fine-grained. And it is precisely such a canvas that is best purchased by novice artists; by the way, you can make a more detailed preliminary drawing with a pencil on it. And you can easily erase the part of the picture that you don’t like.
Pay attention to the quality of the stretcher, that is, the wooden base on which the canvas is stretched. We have already talked about the inadmissibility of its sagging, it remains to add that it is necessary to evaluate wood quality from which the frame is made. Usually it is linden, pine or birch. The wood must be well finished, dry, smooth, free of knots, chips, rot and wormholes.
To begin with, you should not buy a large number of colors, it will be quite sufficient to purchase a set of 10-12 colors. The most important thing is that this set should contain blue (azure, cobalt), red (medium cadmium, light or dark), yellow (medium cadmium), black (gas carbon black), white (zinc or titanium white) paints. If you already know how to mix primary colors and get additional ones from them, then even such a minimum will be enough for you, but it’s better to diversify a little, even if your first oil palette for now! To find out what color is in the tube, look at the color bar on the label. Complete your set with blue paint (sky blue), ocher shade (ocher light or golden), the so-called "flowers of the earth" - natural umber, natural sienna, as well as natural shades of green colors - olive, grass green, light green, etc. .
Once again, we remind look at the label of the tube. Or you can buy a ready-made set of paints. Over time, you will understand which paints are spent on you faster, which are not. In addition, before buying paints, it would be good to know in what colors you intend to paint a picture: will it be delicate pastel shades or rich contrasting painting? What size will your work be? This may also influence your choice. And, of course, it would be nice to get acquainted with the color table, the names of which are the same for almost all manufacturers, so it is quite possible to navigate by color and see the correct names of the colors and shades you like. The prices of oil paints from different manufacturers are different, they directly depend on the chemical composition of the paints. Paints that contain natural rather than synthetic pigments will cost more.
In the shop window for artists, among other things, you will see various artistic varnishes. They are designed to work directly with paints, that is, the brush is periodically dipped in varnish, then in paint. It's so called " painting on varnish” or “through varnish”. Why is this being done. In order for the painting to be immediately bright and juicy. And it is better, of course, to protect the already finished work with well-dried paints with varnish. As we have already mentioned, varnish gives richness to colors and, most importantly, protects your work from external influences. When the varnish dries, the surface of the canvas can be wiped from dust. Varnishes vary in composition, they are mainly made on the basis of soft resins.
A very necessary and important thing for oil painting. Thinner is needed to dilute the paints, in order to clean the brushes before finally washing them with soap suds.
This is a ready-made composition for diluting oil paints. It usually consists of linseed oil, varnish and turpentine. It is this diluent that is poured into the oiler. If it was not at hand, Pinene No. 4 solvent will come off, plus linseed oil.
A special container where a tee or solvent is poured. It is usually attached to the palette, for which it has a convenient clothespin mount. Oilers are plastic and iron. It is more convenient to have an oiler with a threaded cap, then you will not spill anything, and the unused contents will not dry out ahead of time.
A necessary and important tool in an artist's arsenal. These are special spatulas designed to clean off paint residues from the palette, apply and remove paint from the canvas. There are special pictorial techniques when work on canvas is done with a palette knife, and not with a brush. On sale there are sets of palette knives of different sizes and shapes.
Oh, this is a real visiting card of any artist! You also need to be able to choose the palette correctly, the colors on the palette should be placed closer to the edges, in the center there is room for mixing. Palettes come in different shapes and sizes.
- a very convenient thing in order to objectively evaluate your work, to see the shortcomings. The work fixed on the easel is a professional approach. You can work in front of the easel both standing and sitting. Periodically, you need to move away from the canvas for some distance to see all the details. When buying an easel, be guided by its strength, reliability of fasteners, the size and model that suits you.
Special device for painting outside the home. This is a kind of suitcase in which you can place everything you need for work: brushes, paints, solvents, canvases, cardboards. It is quite compact, opens and closes, has reliable strong straps for carrying. The sketchbook can be of various sizes, with legs that can be adjusted in height and without them. When buying a sketchbook, you need to make sure that it is reliable and durable, has good fastenings. The sketchbook can also be used as an easel at home.
Here are perhaps the most basic tips that we hope will be useful to you when choosing materials for painting with oil paints. If you have the full set of tools that we talked about, you can safely start painting your first oil painting! Good luck and creative inspiration!
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oil painting- this is the most popular and favorite technique of many world-famous artists, both past centuries and our time. Due to its plastic structure, oil paints dry for a long time, which makes it possible to correct the drawing for a long time. Oil painting always looks elegant and refined. Learning to paint with oils is a difficult task, but it brings a lot of pleasure to the artist. If you have not yet mastered this technique, start right now: who knows, maybe the future Aivazovsky or Vasnetsov is hidden in you? What does a beginner oil painter need to have?
Oil paints- paints created from oil, pigment and turpentine. For oil paints, linseed, hemp, poppy, walnut or safflower oil is used. Pigments affect the color of paint and can be synthetic or natural. Oil paintings remain in excellent condition for many centuries: when dried, oil paints retain their color, they are not afraid of light and frost. Due to the pasty structure, oil paints have excellent opacity.
brushes: Oil paints are best applied with natural bristle brushes or synthetic brushes. Each artist should have brushes of different hardness and different shapes - this will help to display the desired structure of the picture and make even small details clear.
wooden palette- this is an indispensable thing in the arsenal of an artist who loves to paint with oil paints. For convenience, you should have two palettes: one large - for drawing in the studio, the second - a small one for traveling. Please note that a plastic palette for oil painting is not suitable.
butter dish- special utensils for diluent, which is attached to the palette with a special clamp.
Diluent used to make paints less thick. For oil paints, petroleum, tee or linseed oil is most often used as a thinner. By the way, for people who react negatively to odors and allergies, it is better to use petroleum, since it does not have any smell.
Canvas- This is the material on which the paintings are painted. The variety of canvases in our time can confuse the novice artist. In any art supply store you can find a large selection of canvases on a stretcher or on cardboard and canvases wound on a roll. Canvases are made of linen or cotton, which makes their structure varied - from fine-grained to coarse-grained. Most often, medium-grained canvases are used by artists.
Brush cleaner- This is a special tool for cleaning brushes from paint residues. It is much easier to wash the brush with such a liquid than with other thinners, and with proper care, the brush will last much longer.
Kistemoyka- a small vessel, often in the form of a small bucket, with a spiral mounted on top to secure the brush. With the help of a brush washer, only the necessary part of the bone is in the washing liquid, which allows you to save the brush handle from damage.
Buy, quality oil paints, as well as all the necessary accessories for oil painting, you can in our store. We will be glad to help you!
Video lesson in oil painting "Juicy Pomegranate" Video lesson of oil painting "Juicy pomegranate". Artist-teacher: Maria Pavlova. Maria is a professional painter. She graduated from one of the best and oldest Russian higher art educational institutions - the Institute. Repina, is a member of the St. Petersburg Union of Artists, participates in exhibitions and illustrates wonderful good books. Maria loves animals and knows how to convey with incredible ease and emotionality all the variety of situations that we observe in their lives every day! Sparrows performed by the artist have become her calling card, and her beautiful still lifes will not leave anyone indifferent! ✔ Build a composition and highlight the main elements of the picture ✔ Follow the color and light in the work ✔ Harmoniously combine colors ✔ Draw glossy surfaces and reflections ✔ Do not get confused in the details and draw small elements of the picture ✔ Depict birds and plumage ✔ Work with a palette knife ✔ How to paint with oil ✔ How draw a still life with oil ✔ How to highlight the main elements of the picture ✔ How to draw glossy surfaces ✔ How to draw reflections ✔ How to draw birds and plumage ✔ How to draw a pomegranate ✔ How to work with a palette knife The result of the video lesson will be a beautiful still life with pomegranates and picturesque impudent sparrows. Duration of the video lesson: 2 hours 25 minutes For comfortable learning, make sure you have the following art materials: ✔ CANVAS 30*40 CM You can use canvas from any manufacturer and with any primer. It is desirable that the texture of the canvas be fine-grained - a lot of small details are expected in the work, and if the grain of the canvas is large, this may prevent you from registering them. In the video tutorial, Maria uses canvas on acrylic primer. ✔ OIL PAINTS The choice of the brand of oil paints is not fundamental and is left to your choice. Maria in her lesson uses Master Class oil paints from the Nevskaya Palitra factory in the following colors (see the coloring in the photo materials for the lesson): , series "Old Master") - Black Mars - Natural Leningrad Umber - Dark kraplak - Strong pink kraplak - Cadmium red - Cadmium orange-red - Cadmium orange - Coral-pink - Light ocher - Neapolitan yellow - Neapolitan corporal - Neapolitan yellow-fawn - Neapolitan light yellow - Titanium white ✔ BRUSHES The minimum number of brushes required to complete the lesson: - A small brush - for writing highlights and very small elements of the picture. - A small brush - for writing small elements of the picture, such as the plumage of sparrows and pomegranate seeds. - Medium size brush - for writing larger details of sparrows and pomegranate. - Large size brush - for painting the background and the surface of the tray. Brushes can be bristle, synthetic or kolinsky. Maria in her lesson uses synthetic brushes and a column. ✔ PALETTE, PALETTE KNIFE, OIL CAN ✔ THINNER, OIL OR VARNISH You can use any auxiliary liquid that you are used to: pure white spirit, linseed oil, dammar varnish and others. Maria in her lesson writes a work using the "Tee" thinner. Advanced. The lesson is suitable for students with basic skills in oil painting and above.
Greetings, dear readers!
In this article we will talk about the basics of working with oil paints. Of course this the most popular technique in the world. The greatest masters of painting over the centuries have studied, improved and created with oil paints.
By the way, do you know when the first oil paints appeared? Most likely you thought about the 14th-15th century and ... were mistaken. Many people think so. But just recently, scientists have done ... Open this news!
Detailing the picture with a thin liner
It is quite logical if you want to start your creativity with oil paints. And if you have never done this before, but really want to start, you should first find out what a novice artist should have at hand and how to start painting with oil paints.
My top advice to budding artists: buy quality paints immediately don't try to save money! From cheap paints, the benefits are not great, but there will be a lot of headaches. When you constantly practice, you will be able to evaluate the quality of your work, which will directly depend on the quality of the paints.
Absolutely You don't have to buy a big set since there are always colors that are never used. To start painting with oil paints, it is enough to limit yourself to a few individual tubes. To develop a skill, a novice artist is recommended to have the following palette:
In general, the palette of colors consists of 3 main (primary), from which all other colors (secondary and tertiary) are obtained by mixing. And when you learn how to mix them, you will understand how and from what it turns out. Everything around us consists only of red, blue and yellow... Amazing, isn't it?
The second important tip for newbie artists is: Be careful when buying brushes! Inspect them so that the connection (clamp) between the pile and the handle is as tight as possible. Believe me, it’s not pleasant when the pile comes out of the brush and you have to remove it all the time from a damp canvas!
From experience I can say that good brushes will last you for years if they are of good quality and you handled them correctly.
For beginners in oil painting, I recommend starting with flat and semi-circular flat brushes. It is enough to purchase 4-6 different sizes. You also need round brushes to detail objects in the picture.
Quality brushes often become favorites
Over time, you can add retouching, fan brushes and liners to the collection. In another article, a hint, you can learn more about which brushes come in size, shape and
To dilute (thinn) oil paint to the desired consistency, you need special liquid substances: mostly turpentine or refined linseed oil. Also, many artists use "Twins" and « Tees "- auxiliary means for diluting paint. On the market of foreign manufacturers there are various media, which I also use. In principle, these are the same tees in our understanding.
Important things for every artist
Not recommended for dilution, use solvents in their pure form (white spirit, turpentine), because they break the structure of the oil paint and “steal” its shine. But you will still need a solvent to clean brushes and other tools, as well as stained hands from paint.
It is impossible to imagine an artist working on a painting without a palette in his hands! This useful thing performs several functions: paints are placed on it, paints are mixed on it, oilers (special containers) with oil paint thinners are attached to it.
Therefore, in order to paint correctly with oil paints and create many shades, I recommend getting a suitable palette. Wooden or plastic, large or small, square or round... The choice is yours.
The most common basis for oil painting is canvas.Fortunately, the contemporary artist can buy ready-made primed canvas on a stretcher.
Almost every art store has canvases for sale in different sizes and from different materials: natural (linen, cotton) and synthetics. I advise natural materials, they are denser and do not sag much over time.
If you want to prepare the canvas yourself, then for this you need to prepare a stretcher and pull the fabric very tightly over it. Then you need to prime the fabric to get the canvas. Canvas sagging is common, so after priming, you need to drag the canvas a little tighter. More about how to make a canvas with your own hands
We prepare the canvas ourselves
Note: The best base for canvas is linen. It comes in fine-grained, medium-grained and coarse-grained. The stroke on the surface depends on the graininess of the canvas. About the choice of canvas
Of course, you can learn how to paint with oil paints without an easel by attaching a canvas to any surface. But still, it is much more convenient with an easel: it is set at the right angle at eye level and gives a better view of the picture.
With an easel it is convenient not only to write, but also to find flaws in the work, and fix them right away. An easel is a reliable stand for your future painting! They come in different heights and comfort, as well as desktop mini easels for small canvas sizes.
Have you already thought about where your brushes will stand? Where will you wash them? How will you wipe the paint off your hands and other accessories? Be sure to stock up on jars in which you will wash your brushes, paper napkins, old newspapers and a few cotton rags.
These important little things should always be at your fingertips, so that you can work calmly and focus your attention on the painting and not on the materials. All this will be indispensable for you in your work to clean a brush or palette knife, or, for example, to remove excess paint from a canvas and wipe your dirty hands.
An indispensable tool for working with oil - palette knife! With it, it is convenient to remove excess paint from the canvas and transfer it to the palette. And he leaves amazingly voluminous strokes! In principle, one palette knife is enough.
But if you decide to learn how to draw well with oil paints and devote a lot of time to this activity, it is better to purchase several of these tools of different shapes and sizes.
Sketchbook - a special box for transporting paints and accessories for painting. You will really need it if you decide to go out to paint in oil on nature or plein air, as it is also called (from the French Plain air - in the open air, in the fresh air)
oilers- small containers with a clip, with which they are attached to the palette. There are two types: simple and double. 
Another important element is protective varnish. The finished painting is usually varnished 6-8 months after the completion of the work. The lacquer protects the painting from UV, moisture and darkening…. Well, and a number of other reasons why varnish the picture. In addition, the varnish makes the colors richer and brighter, giving intensity to the paint layer. How to varnish a painting
So, you have collected everything you need, fixed the primed canvas. What to do next? Start writing!
I know that many aspiring artists have a fear of a white canvas something can go wrong and everything will be ruined. Do not be afraid, because the main thing is just to start! But how to stop being afraid and start painting pictures,.
You can start with a simple plot that comes to mind ... For example, a mosaic pattern with selected bright colors, which consists of different shapes, shapes and symbols. Well, like the ancient Egyptians, remember? Or you can take the finished image, and try to copy it onto the canvas ...
Start painting - feel the power of color!
Exist . The most common of them are and . Most of the most famous paintings are written in them, although there are many other techniques.
For those who are just starting out as an artist, the main thing to start now is just to feel the structure of the oil paint, how it lays down on the canvas, how the paint layer is obtained.
By the way, did you know that creative people have Read, maybe you are a creative person by nature, you just didn’t know about it!
Here are some more tips:
"Painting is the most accessible and convenient of the arts" - Johann Goethe, German poet, philosopher and thinker
These little tricks are enough to start painting with oil paints. If you like the Art process and want to delve deeper into it, at a more modern level, I will be happy to share my experience with you.Additional Video Tips:
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