D. z .: on the trail. lesson (March 26) - checking homework. Please complete the task for everyone, because absence from the lesson is not the reason for unfulfilled homework. All grades for homework will be posted in the journal.
March 26, (if N. V. does not come out) - we will finish "First Love" and start A. N. Ostrovsky (play "Poverty is not a vice")
Episodes
In a work of art, as in life, the episode plays an important role. Indeed, in our life, characters are revealed precisely in small situations. Do you want to understand someone better? See how he behaves in minute situations.
Writers actively use it. Therefore, we turn to any episode of the story.
Take one of the episodes
(for example, “Game of forfeits” (ch. VII);
"Thunderstorm" (ch. VII);
"Jump from the wall" (ch. XII);
“Explanation of Zinaida with her father” (Chapter XXI), but you can take absolutely any episode for analysis) and describe it, please, according to the proposed plan.
E p i s o d e P lan
1. Episode Location In the development of the plot and composition of the work. Its conditional name.
2. The speech structure of the episode: dialogue (speech characteristics of the characters, features of the author's remarks), narration (image of events), description (portrait, landscape, psychological state of the characters), author's reasoning (lyrical digressions).
3. What events are happening in the episode, who participates in them, what sides of the character of the characters are revealed? (Or: What is described and how? What details of the descriptions can be considered key? What thesis is proved in the author's reasoning? What is the pathos of the author's narration?)
4. How and for what purpose does the author use the details of subject representation? (Or: What arguments does the author give to prove his theses?)
5. What figurative and expressive means of artistic speech does the writer use, for what purpose?
6. What is the emotional tone of the episode. How is it created?
7. Determine the theme and problem of the work. How did they develop in this episode? What is the significance of the episode for revealing the main idea of the work, expressing the author's position?
Characteristics of the heroes of the story
Of course, we will focus on the heroes of the "love triangle": Zinaida, Voldemar and father
A plan to help you understand the hero of the story
- Portrait (based on quotes only)
- Landscape and its role in revealing the characteristics of the character
- Speech
- Actions (key episodes)
- Conclusions.
The story “First Love” is a work about the complexity of human relationships, about how tragic relationships between people can be if they are not based on love. This is the tragedy of a father bound by marital ties, a family in which there is no love. This is the tragedy of Zinaida, who fell in love with the man of her dreams, but due to circumstances did not have the opportunity to connect with him. This is the tragedy of the boy Voldemar, whose first love turned out to be so dramatic.
But still, the most important thing is Love as a wonderful feeling, as an eternal human value. Even tragic, unrequited love is beautiful if only because it awakens in a person the best strings of his soul.
Glory came to this greatest writer not only thanks to novels and short stories. Numerous stories, plays, poems in prose played an important role. He was a very versatile writer.
The author did not pursue quantity. It is known that he wrote his works slowly, nurturing the idea for a long time. Despite this, his works regularly appeared on the pages of magazines and in separate books.
The famous story "First Love" Turgenev wrote when he was already 42 years old. In his work, he tried to comprehend the past years, to understand his past. Therefore, the entire literary plot is saturated with autobiography.
Turgenev's story with a beautiful and unusual title - "First Love" was written by the author at a time when he was in the city on the Neva. It is known that the events that once happened to the writer himself served as the basis for the author's plot. And so, being in St. Petersburg from January to March 1860, he takes on his new work, the idea of which had long been born in his head.
According to the plot, the author tells about emotional experiences that caused new feelings in the main character. A small childhood love on the pages of Turgenev's story turns into adult love, filled with tragedy and sacrifice. It is known that almost every hero of this work had prototypes, since this story was written on the basis of the author's personal emotional experience and the events that once happened in his family.
As the writer himself later admitted, he tried to portray all events as they are, without hiding or embellishing anything.
"A real incident is described without the slightest embellishment."
The plot of Turgenev's story "First Love" is built as if it were memories. The story is told from the perspective of an elderly man who remembers his first love. The main character of his story, the author took the young man Vladimir, who was barely 16 years old.
According to the plot, the main character, along with his family, goes to rest in a family estate, which is located outside the city. In this rural peace and tranquility, he meets a young and beautiful girl. Zinaida at that time was already 21 years old. But Vladimir is not at all embarrassed by the age difference. So the main female character appears in Turgenev's story - Zinaida Alexandrovna Zasekina. Of course, she is young and beautiful, so it's hard not to fall in love. Yes, Vladimir fell in love with Zina, but it turns out that he is not the only one in love. Around a pretty girl there are constantly applicants for her location.
But the character of the girl is not the most diligent. Realizing that men really like her, Zina is not averse to sometimes cruelly making fun of them. So she doesn’t like Vladimir at all, but, seeing his suffering, she decides to play him a little, showing her capricious and playful disposition. Sometimes Zinaida Alexandrovna makes fun of him in front of everyone, because he is too young. But Turgenev's hero endures all this, as he is deeply in love. And only after some time Vladimir suddenly finds out that Zinaida is also very much in love and this object of her love is his father.
One day he witnesses a secret meeting between Zinaida Alexandrova and Pyotr Vasilyevich, his father. From everything he saw and said, he understood that his father left the girl forever, because the whole family was leaving back to the city from the village. And a week later, Vladimir's father has a completely unexpected stroke, and he dies. Zinaida is getting married very soon to some Mr. Dolsky. Four years later, the young woman dies in childbirth.
All Turgenev's heroes in his story "First Love" have fictitious names, but according to the memoirs of contemporaries, they all have prototypes. As soon as the story came out, everyone recognized real people in it: the writer himself, his mother, father and the girl with whom the author was in love. Let's take a closer look at their prototypes:
♦ Vladimir, Turgenev's main hero is the author himself, Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev.
♦ Zinaida Alexandrovna - Princess Ekaterina Lvovna Shakhovskaya, who was a poetess. It is known that the young author was deeply in love with her, but it soon became clear that she was his father's mistress. Her fate: marriage and death after childbirth, were in reality.
♦ Pyotr Vasilyevich, the father of the protagonist - Sergei Nikolayevich Turgenev, who married a woman for convenience. Varvara Petrovna Lutovinova was much older than him, and he did not love her at all. Hence his romances with other women.
The young man is passionately in love, and the girl flirts and jokes with him. Volodya completely forgets about his studies and thinks only about Zinochka. Therefore, so much in Turgenev's story is devoted to describing the experiences and feelings of a young man, which are constantly changing and in some ways even resemble a storm, a flash. It is worth noting that Volodya is still happy, although the girl just laughs at him. But still, the anxiety gradually grows, and soon the young man begins to understand that Zina is not so simple: she has a secret life and she is also in love with someone.
Soon, not only the hero, but also the readers begin to guess who Zinaida is in love with. The tone of the whole narrative of Turgenev's story changes greatly and the word "love", which before that was stormy and enthusiastic, becomes dark and tragic. The feelings of the girl are much deeper than that of the main character. And Vladimir understands that this is what true love is. It's so different, everyone has their own, which is impossible to understand and explain. And as confirmation of this - the ending of the story, where the hero becomes a witness to the explanation of two people in love who cannot be together.
But Volodya is not offended by them, realizing that this love is real and he has no right to condemn or interfere with such true love. This love is multifaceted, beautiful, complex. The author himself tried to find it all his life.
In its composition, Turgenev's story "First Love" is a rather simple work, but deep and meaningful. It has twenty chapters. The narrative is built in the form of memories, so the presentation is sequential and in the first person, since the author is the main character himself, who talks about what happened to him in his youth. Although the name, of course, has been changed: Vladimir Petrovich.
Turgenev's story begins with a short prologue that shows the background to all these memories and introduces the reader to what they are about to learn. So, Vladimir, being at the age, in one of the companies tells the story of his first and tragic love. He does not want to tell his friends orally, as they did, but informs them that he will definitely write this story and read it to them at the next new meeting. And he keeps his word. After that, the story itself follows.
A special place in the entire Turgenev story is occupied by the twelfth chapter, which is the culmination of the entire plot. It is here, in this chapter, that the hero's feelings reach their highest intensity. In it, the author describes that feeling, better than which he never had in his life. The plot of this chapter allows you to understand a girl who at first seems frivolous and not serious, but it turns out that she is capable of suffering and deep and serious feelings. But only these "illegal" feelings become a real tragedy for her, and, most likely, this pushes her to commit unpredictable, and sometimes cruel acts.
The author argued that what he had to endure at the age of 16 is simply bliss, which, unfortunately, will never happen again. The writer measured a lot of things in life through love, therefore, his heroes in Turgenev's story pass through the test of love. Ivan Sergeevich shows that his heroes must necessarily take place as individuals. Turgenev's psychologism is always secret, he does not give their open description, only general hints that helped readers plunge into the depths of sensuality. In this chapter, there are many experiences of Vladimir, which show his inner world, and this helps to understand the content of the entire work.
With the help of his work, Turgenev himself was able to relive his youthful excitement, and show the reader all the versatility of love.
I.S. Turgenev had a huge influence not only on literature, but also on the perception of the world among his readers, it is not for nothing that the term "Turgenev's girl" tightly entered the speech of educated people and became a household name for the canonical female image in national culture. This author has created a wide variety of works, but they are united by deep poetry in every word. She is also imbued with his "First Love".
In 1844, I.S. Turgenev met French singer Pauline Viardot and fell in love. As it turned out, forever. They quarreled, reconciled, the writer followed his beloved everywhere. But this love was doomed, and at the same time selfless. It was this feeling that gave rise to a number of lyric-philosophical stories with a tragic love story, among which "First Love", published in 1860. In these works, feeling is a disease that affects a person and deprives him of will and reason.
The book was written in January-March 1860. The plot collision was based on the real story of the writer's family: a love triangle between the young writer, his father and Princess Ekaterina Shakhovskaya. The author noticed that he had nothing to hide, and as for the condemnation of Turgenev's frankness by acquaintances, he did not care.
A story is a small prose work that has a single storyline, one conflict and reflects a separate episode in the life of the characters. The story is an epic genre, standing between the novel and the short story in terms of volume, has a more complex and branched plot, and the conflict is a chain of episodes.
“First Love” can be called a story, since there are several main characters (in a story, most often one or two). The work depicts not a single episode, but a chain of events connected with the development of a love conflict. Also, the genre feature of the story can be called the fact that it is a story within a story. The narrator, who is also the main character, recalls episodes of his youth, so the introduction talks about the situation that led the narrator to memories: he talked with friends about first love, and his story turned out to be the most entertaining.
In the company of friends, the narrator recalls his youth, his first love. As a 16-year-old boy, Vladimir was fascinated by his neighbor in the country, 21-year-old Zinaida. The girl enjoyed the attention of young people, but did not take anyone seriously, but spent the evenings with them in fun and games. The heroine laughed at all admirers, including Vladimir, and did not take life seriously at all. But once…
The main character noticed a change in his beloved, it soon dawned on him: she fell in love! But who is the rival? The truth turned out to be terrible, this is the father of the protagonist, Pyotr Vasilyevich, who married his mother by calculation, treats both her and his son with disdain. Pyotr Vasilievich is not interested in the scandal, because love ends quickly. Soon he dies of a stroke, Zinaida marries and also dies in childbirth.
The description of the heroes of the story "First Love" is dramatic and in itself gives rise to a conflict of interest. In a family where there is no harmony, love was perceived by men as a means to forget, or to feel needed. However, in pursuit of personal happiness, they did not delve into the hidden depths of Zinaida's personality, and did not discern her essence. She poured out all the heat of her heart into an ice vessel and destroyed herself. Thus, the main characters of the work became victims of their own blindness, inspired by passion.
Moral problems are revealed in the work in several aspects. Firstly, does Zinaida's life deserve understanding, the crowd of admirers around her, with whom she plays like pawns? Secondly, can forbidden love, transgressing all moral norms, be happy? The plot development of events answers these questions in the negative: the main character is punished for her neglect of her admirers by the disdainful attitude of her beloved, and their relationship inevitably leads to a break. And indirectly led to the death of both. However, the reader sympathizes with Zinaida, she is full of a thirst for life, this causes involuntary sympathy. In addition, she is capable of a deep feeling that commands respect.
The problem of power in love is most fully expressed in the relationship between Zinaida and Pyotr Vasilyevich. The girl ruled over her past gentlemen and felt very cheerful. But true love came, and with it suffering. And even suffering from a loved one is sweet. And no power is needed. Pyotr Vasilyevich hit her with a whip, and she gently raised the reddened place to her lips, because this was a trace from him.
The main idea of the story is the all-consuming power of love. Whatever it is, happy or tragic, it is like a fever that suddenly seizes and does not let go, and if it goes away, it leaves devastation. Love is powerful and sometimes destructive, but this feeling is wonderful, you cannot live without it. You can only exist. The protagonist remembered his youthful emotions forever, his first love revealed to him the meaning and charm of being, even if distorted by suffering.
And the writer himself was unhappy in love, and his hero too, but even the most tragic passion is the best discovery in human life, because for the sake of those moments when you are in seventh heaven with happiness, it is worth enduring the bitterness of loss. In suffering, people are cleansed, revealing new facets of their souls. Taking into account the autobiographical nature of the story, we can say that the author, without his fatal and sad muse, as well as the pain caused by her, could not have penetrated so deeply into the essence of romantic relationships. The main idea of "First Love" would be far from him, and it is necessary to suffer and learn from one's own experience, since only the one who experienced it will write convincingly about the tragedy of love.
The moral lessons in Turgenev's story consist of several points:
"First Love" has been around for over 150 years. However, this work does not lose its relevance. How many people it was the first feelings that broke their hearts forever! But, nevertheless, everyone carefully keeps these emotions in the soul. And the beauty with which this book is written makes you re-read it many times.
Interesting? Save it on your wall!Read also the analysis of other works by I.S. Turgenev:
Turgenev's story "First Love" was written in the mature age of the writer in 1860. Today you can download the book absolutely free. The author described the memory of the first feeling, putting his own experiences into the work.
"First Love" is a story with an unusual plot. Compositionally, it is presented in twenty chapters with a prologue. In the background, the reader meets the main character named Vladimir Petrovich, who tells his story of first love. In the image of the heroes, close people of Turgenev are clearly visible: the writer's parents, the author himself and his first lover Shakhovskaya Ekaterina Lvovna. The author describes in detail the turbulent experiences of the young man and the constantly changing mood. Despite Zinaida Zasekina's frivolous attitude towards him, Volodya is happy. But the anxiety is growing, the young man realizes that Zina loves his father. And her feelings are much stronger than the romantic passion of a young man.
With his work, Ivan Sergeevich shows readers that first love can be different and multifaceted in its manifestations. The hero does not hold a grudge against either his father or his beloved, understanding and accepting their feelings. The text "First Love" can be read online or downloaded in full on our website.
Volodya's soul is wide open to new impressions. The mood is prepared, and the reader is not surprised when Volodya falls in love with a young neighbor, Princess Zasekina, who has occupied the nearest house with her mother. “The dacha,” the narrator explains, “consisted of a manor’s house and two low outbuildings.” But the story of the meeting with the girl ahead. First, the author considered it necessary to tell who lives in the second outbuilding, turned into a factory. He shows how city workers work, the same boys as the main character himself: “A dozen thin and disheveled boys in greasy robes with exhausted faces jumped on wooden levers and thus, with the weight of their puny bodies, squeezed out colorful patterns of wallpaper.” They are not up to the pleasures of life. The relentless reflection on the fatal fault of the educated estates before the people is inherent in Turgenev. Wealthy people, enjoying the benefits of life, and do not notice their well-being. In "Rudin" Turgenev brought us to a peasant's hut. In "First Love" - to the factory.
Only after that draws a portrait of the main character. Zinaida appears as a vision, all the more beautiful because before that the young hero indulged in a not too poetic hobby. He went out to shoot crows, and suddenly "saw a girl in a pink dress and a scarf behind the fence." Volodya watched her from the side, and therefore the heroine appears to us for the first time as a sketch in profile: “... A slender figure, and slightly disheveled blond hair under a white handkerchief, and this half-closed intelligent eye, and these eyelashes, and a tender cheek under them.” Volodya found his neighbor not alone, and also engaged in a strange occupation: “Four young men crowded around her, and she alternately slapped their foreheads with gray flowers.” A game that draws a childish beginning in the guise of a heroine. And at the same time, one of the main features is revealed: youthful coquetry, the desire to captivate and conquer - "young people so willingly turned their foreheads - and in the movements of the girl there was something so charming, commanding, mocking and sweet." Volodya will instantly fall into the circle of young men, fascinated by her beauty.
Before us is a new Zinaida, "with an indescribable imprint of devotion, sadness, love and some kind of despair." This face, a dark sad dress, say how difficult the life of a girl who sacrificed everything for the sake of her first love.
At the end of the story, Turgenev again touches on the theme of time, again recalling how irremediably terrible it is to delay in love. Mr. N. could not catch up with Asya. Vladimir Petrovich was lucky after "four years" to hear about Zinaida. The princess managed to arrange her life, contrary to secular gossip. So you can understand Maidanov's polite omissions, from whose lips Vladimir learned about the further fate of Zinaida, now Mrs. Dolskaya. They can meet and meet the past. Moreover, she “became even prettier” and, according to her friend, “will be glad” to see her former admirer.
“Old memories stirred in me,” says Vladimir Petrovich, “I promised myself the next day to visit my former “passion”. The frivolous word "passion", which Vladimir Petrovich used when talking about his first love, inspires anxiety in the reader. And indeed, the hero is not in a hurry: “But there were some cases; a week has passed, another ... "And fate does not want to wait:" ... When I finally went to the Demut Hotel and asked Mrs. Dolskaya, I found out that she died almost suddenly four days ago". “It was as if something pushed me in my heart,” says the hero. - The thought that I could see her and did not see and will never see her - this bitter thought stabbed into me with all the force of an irresistible reproach.
It is also interesting why Turgenev called his heroine such an unusual name in those days as "Zinaida". Having considered its meaning, it becomes clear that it is this name that characterizes the girl like no other.
Zinaida (Greek) - born of Zeus (in Greek mythology, Zeus is the supreme deity); from the genus of Zeus.
The name Zinaida means divine; belonging to Zeus, that is, God's; from the genus of Zeus; born of Zeus. Bright, bright, cheerful and strong name. It sounds inner strength and concentration, exactingness and serious penetration. This name gives the impression of being armed and invulnerable, like knightly armor.
According to the warehouse of the psyche, Zinaida is a leader. But, when necessary, she will obey a man. This woman with a constant desire for superiority, as they say, with character. A restless and always unsatisfied soul.
Zinaida in the company is the "empress". In the sea of life - like a fish in water. She is determined and even reckless. She will not give up her interests, but she is not capable of vile deeds. And if it quarrels, then over trifles it quickly cools down. She knows the duty of each to society, to himself.
Zinaida is somewhat cold, but men always pay attention to her. She fools their minds.
“Of all my female types,” Turgenev once said, “I am most pleased with Zinaida in First Love. In it, I managed to present a real, lively face: a coquette by nature, but a coquette, really, attractive”
Marya Nikolaevna, mother- she did not pay any attention to her son, despite the fact that he was the only son. Was jealous, constantly worried or angry.
Peter Vasilievich, father- a person exquisitely calm, self-confident and autocratic. He treated his son with indifference. He was 10 years younger than his wife and married her by calculation. He treated his son aloofly, almost did not engage in upbringing.
Princess Zasekina- 50 year old woman. Judging by her manners, she was not born into a princely family. In the second half of the 19th century, marriages between wealthy merchants and industrialists with impoverished nobles were accepted. The nobility was degraded. Princess Zasekina did not differ in secular manners, and was even an unpleasant woman
Zinochka, Zasekina's daughter- young lady 21 years old. Flirty. Her face was delicate, intelligent and sweet. Unlike her mother, she was distinguished by secular manners and tact. Was not devoid of princely arrogance. She spoke excellent French and read. Zinochka liked the men, and she knew it very well, and took advantage of it. She quickly noticed that 16-year-old Vladimir was in love with her, flirted with him, teased, spoiled, made fun of him.
“In her whole being, tenacious and beautiful, there was some especially charming mixture of cunning and carelessness, artificiality and simplicity, silence and playfulness; over everything she did, spoke, over her every movement hovered a subtle, light charm, in everything a peculiar, playful force was expressed. And her face was constantly changing, playing too: it expressed, almost at the same time, mockery, thoughtfulness and passion. The most varied feelings, light, fast, like the shadows of clouds on a sunny windy day, ran over her eyes and lips every now and then.
Zinaida was dominated by an incorrect upbringing, she was surrounded by strange people; poverty and disorder in the house. She felt her superiority over people, enjoyed unlimited freedom. All this, taken together, developed in her a certain carelessness to everything and undemandingness. “Caprice and independence,” Lushin described Zinochka in this way.
Zinochka made fun of the poet Maidanov, sympathized with him, and at the same time forced him to read Pushkin.
But of all the men who surrounded Zinochka, she fell in love with Pyotr Vasilyevich, Volodya's father. She fell in love so much that she was able to take a blow from him with a whip. This impressed young Vladimir the most.
Count Malevsky spoke with a slight Polish accent. He was a handsome and smartly dressed brunette with a mustache, expressive brown eyes, a thin nose and a small mouth. He was smart and handsome, but there was something false about him, something dubious. He earned himself a reputation as a hoaxer, he masterfully fooled people at masquerades. Possessed fox cunning and unconscious deceit, soaked into his entire existence.
Dr. Lushin distinguished by truthfulness and straightforwardness. Vladimir Petrovich respected him for this trait. He knew Zinaida better than others, and probably loved her more than others. In words, he was a cynical and mocking person.
Poet Maidanov - a tall young man with a thin face, half-blinded eyes, and long black hair. The man is cold, like all writers, who lived in his own fictional world. He assured Zinochka, and perhaps even more of himself, that he adored her, sang of her in his poems.
Retired Captain Nirmatsky, a forty-year-old man, pockmarked to the point of disgrace, curly-haired like a black sheep, round-shouldered, bow-legged.
Belovzorov, hussar, - a handsome hussar with bulging eyes and blond curls was of a stately and even heroic physique. As a military man, he always wore a uniform. He offered Zinaida to marry him. Zinochka called the hussar "my beast." Belovzorov was insanely jealous of Zinochka for everyone
The novel ends with the fact that 4 years after the events described, Zinochka dies in childbirth. Vladimir graduated from the University, and Zinochka married a certain wealthy Mr. Dolsky.
Volodya's father (Pyotr Vasilyevich) - one of the main characters of the story "First Love", Ivan Turgenev - is a handsome, calm and self-confident man who married Volodya's mother, who is 10 years older than him. He does not love his wife, as well as his son, practically does not educate him, but sometimes he can play with him or talk.
When his son was 16 years old, Peter started an affair with his first love - Princess Zinaida Zasekina, their neighbor in the country. The wife of Peter Vasilyevich found out about this novel, but he managed to convince her to forgive him, after which they had to urgently leave the country house for the city. Zinaida also moved to the city, where they continued to meet. She offered him to leave his wife and go to her, but he did not agree.
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I. S. Turgenev’s story “First Love” appeared in 1860. The author especially valued this work, probably because this story is largely autobiographical. It is very closely connected with the life of the writer himself, with the fate of his parents, as well as with wonderful and vivid memories of his first love.
The plot of the story "First Love" has a lot in common with Asya. Both here and there, an elderly man tells about his first feeling. Reading "Asya", we can only guess who Mr. N's listeners were. In the introduction to "First Love", both the characters and the situation are concretized. In his work, Turgenev clearly traces the emergence and development of the protagonist's love. Love is an amazing feeling, it gives a person a whole palette of emotions - from hopeless grief and tragedy to amazing, uplifting joy.
The narrative, in addition to the prologue, includes twenty-two small chapters. Their content does not exceed two or three pages - events and impressions change so rapidly, the main character, Volodya, grows so quickly.
After describing the portrait of a young man, the author draws a portrait of the main character. Zinaida appears as a vision, all the more beautiful because before that the young hero indulged in a not too poetic hobby. He went out to shoot crows, and suddenly "saw a girl in a pink dress and a scarf behind the fence." Volodya watched her from the side, and therefore the heroine appears to us for the first time as a sketch in profile: “... A slender figure, and slightly disheveled blond hair under a white handkerchief, and this half-closed intelligent eye, and these eyelashes, and a tender cheek under them.” Volodya found his neighbor not alone, and also engaged in a strange occupation: “Four young men crowded around her, and she alternately slapped them on the forehead<…>gray flowers." A game that draws a childish beginning in the guise of a heroine. And at the same time, one of the main features is revealed: youthful coquetry, the desire to captivate and conquer - “young people so willingly turned their foreheads - and in the movements of the girl<...>there was something so charming, commanding, mocking and sweet.” Volodya will instantly fall into the circle of young men, fascinated by her beauty.
Turgenev focuses not on the beauty of her features, but on their mobility, liveliness, variability, on "cute", "charming" movements. Therefore, in the description of the portrait there are many verbs: “trembled”, “laughed”, “sparkled”, “rose”. The princess is very lively, liberated, spontaneous, this is her charm, this is what makes her irresistible and desirable. Together with the girl, we find ourselves in some kind of bright and joyful world, where everything blooms and enjoys life, it is no coincidence that summer nature becomes the background of the portrait.
The image of Zinaida is the same as her portrait: the girl is always different, she is never the same, everything in her is constantly changing. At dinner with Volodya's mother (ch. 6), she is cold and prim, it is difficult to recognize yesterday's anemone in her, in playful games with her fans (ch. 7) Zinaida seems completely frivolous, but suddenly in chapter 9 we see her suffering, deeply sad , bitterly thinking about her difficult fate. The absolute freedom of self-manifestations, of course, delights, but this only confirms that the character of the girl is all woven from the deep contradictions that torment her, there are many mysteries in it.
The description of Zinaida testifies to her romanticism, youth; Vladimir sees the girl among the greenery, in the garden - this reveals Zina's connection with nature, the harmony of her image. Everything is good in her, and Vladimir is ready to give everything so that “these fingers slap on his forehead” too. Admirers crowd around the girl, who is not yet familiar to the protagonist - it is clear that she seems to Turgenev a mystery, and he would, perhaps, submit to her will. Some time after they met, Vladimir falls in love with Zinaida. The feeling of the young man is obvious: he is trying to stand out from the mass of admirers in front of her, fulfills many of her desires, which Zinaida unconsciously expresses; in the end, this is only his first love, and "what is in the soul, then on the face."
Zinaida occupies an intermediate position between childhood and adulthood. She is 21. This is evidenced by her actions, from which she breathes childishness, thoughtlessness (playing forfeits or ordering Voldemar to jump from the wall). The love of her fans amuses her. She also treats Voldemar as another admirer, at first not realizing that he has never fallen in love, that his life experience is even less than her own.
Of course, a twenty-year-old girl looked down on a sixteen-year-old admirer. In a moment of affectionate frankness, Zinaida says: “Listen, because I<…>could be your aunt, right; Well, not an aunt, an older sister. No wonder she "entrusted me with her brother, a twelve-year-old cadet who came for the holidays." The coincidence of names - the boy who arrived was also called Volodya - speaks of Zinaida's sisterly, patronizing feelings for both. Trying to analyze his then feelings, Vladimir Petrovich also repeats several times: "I was still a child." In many episodes, Volodya actually shows childishness. Following the cadet, he happily whistled into a makeshift pipe. To prove his love for the girl, he is ready, at her request, to jump onto the road from "two fathoms" heights. Touched by his timid admiration, Zinaida, partly jokingly, partly seriously, “favors” him with her page. This recognition and the gift of a rose takes you back to chivalrous times, the times of knights and beautiful ladies. In relation to Zinaida to her "page" there is a lot of unsaid, contradictory, sometimes cruel. To the just reproach through tears “... Why did you play with me? ... What did you need my love for?” Zinaida replies with a confession: “I am guilty before you, Volodya ... Ah, I am very guilty ...” “She did everything she wanted with me,” sums up the hero.
Zinaida sees this love; she is torn between Vladimir and his father, who is also infatuated with her. Turgenev emphasizes Zina's ability to understand other people's experiences, her prudence. She carefully weighs the situation before coming to a decision: become the mistress of a married man, destroying his family, or love his son, still a boy? Turgenev also conveys the torment before the choice, emphasizing her humanity and sincerity. “Everything disgusted me,” she whispered, “I would go to the ends of the world, I can’t bear it, I can’t cope .... And what awaits me ahead! .. Oh, it's hard for me .... my God, how hard! ”
Zinaida, despite her seeming frivolity, is capable of suffering and serious feelings. She suffers from the "illegality" of her feelings, this pushes her to unpredictable actions. This is the type of "Turgenev girl" - childishness, childish habits with the power of love and the feeling of an adult girl.
In the second plot scene, the motive of light will appear through and very important in solving the image of Zinaida. The light shines through in Zinaidina's “sly smile on her slightly open lips”, the princess's quick glance thrown at Vladimir illuminates with light. And “when her eyes, for the most part half-closed, opened to their full size,” the light seemed to spill over the entire face of the girl.
The feeling of the outgoing light from the look, the face of Zinaida belongs to the young knight in love, deifying his ideal, who saw a woman angel in front of him. But at the same time, light is a sign of special purity, which speaks of the inner purity of Zinaida, the purity of her soul, despite all the contradictory behavior of the princess.
The motif of light culminates in the portrait description of Zinaida, who is seated against the background of a window. “She was sitting with her back to the window, curtained with a white curtain, a sunbeam, breaking through this curtain, poured soft light on her fluffy golden hair, her innocent neck, sloping shoulders and gentle, calm chest.” Enveloped by window light, radiating light herself, she seemed to be in a cocoon of light, through which “her face seemed even more charming: everything in it was so subtle, smart and sweet.” Here “the eyelids quietly rose”, and in the girl’s kindly shining eyes the soul seemed to be reflected.
Zinaida enters the world of adults with difficulty and tears. In her character - to love a strong person, "who would break me himself." She is waiting for just such love, she wants to obey her chosen one. She is no longer satisfied with flirting with fans, she is “sick of everything”, and she is ready for a big, strong feeling. Voldemar is the first to understand that she truly fell in love.
In this sense, not only the image of the heroine and her fate are characteristic, but also the image and fate of Volodya's father, Pyotr Vasilyevich. He, like Zinaida, is far from an ordinary person. In an effort to emphasize the significance of his personality, the writer even surrounds her with an aura of some mystery. He fixes attention on the lust for power, characteristic of Peter Vasilyevich, on his despotic egoism. But Pyotr Vasilievich, this strong and unusual person in his own way, also does not find his happiness, wasting his strength and abilities in vain.
At first, one can only guess about the deep feelings of Peter Vasilyevich only from these indirect evidence, but they are more eloquent than words of love. Why is he rejuvenated, why is his gait so light, why is he drawn to talk to a girl, bending low towards her? Why are the princess' eyes rising so slowly? There is only one answer: they love and hide their criminal love, but the inner state of the characters, their emotional experiences betray an external gesture, a movement that makes a lot of things understandable. This is the peculiarity of Turgenev's psychologism. (Psychology is the image of the inner, hidden life of the human soul).
Of course, I recall the scene of the peeped meeting of the heroes in the house by the river, in which the always calm and ironic Pyotr Vasilyevich loses his temper and beats Zinaida on the arm with a whip (ch. 21). A blow with a whip is an external manifestation of Volodya's father's internal state. The writer does not tell us anything about the feelings of the hero that boil in the depths of his soul, but through this gesture we guess about them: a blow to the hand is something more than an expression of anger at Zinaida, who does not want to obey his decision. This is the hero's protest against the circumstances of his life, ruthlessly separating him from the one he loves, despair and pain in him.
The girl’s reaction is striking: “Zinaida shuddered, silently looked at her father and, slowly raising her hand to her lips, kissed the scar that had turned red on her.” The selfless gesture awakens repentance in the soul of the old egoist: “Father threw the whip aside and, hastily running up the steps of the porch, burst into the house ...” Most likely, this day became a turning point in the life of Pyotr Vasilyich and in his attitude towards people: “ He thought and lowered his head<…>. And then for the first and almost the last time I saw how much tenderness and regret his strict features could express.
Before us is a new Zinaida, "with an indescribable imprint of devotion, sadness, love and some kind of despair." This face, a dark sad dress, say how difficult the life of a girl who sacrificed everything for the sake of her first love.
At the end of the story, Turgenev again touches on the theme of time, again recalling how irremediably terrible it is to delay in love. Mr. N. could not catch up with Asya. Vladimir Petrovich was lucky after "four years" to hear about Zinaida. The princess managed to arrange her life, contrary to secular gossip. So you can understand Maidanov's polite omissions, from whose lips Vladimir learned about the further fate of Zinaida, now Mrs. Dolskaya. They can meet and meet the past. Moreover, she “became even prettier” and, according to her friend, “will be glad” to see her former admirer.
“Old memories stirred in me,” says Vladimir Petrovich, “I promised myself the next day to visit my former “passion”. The frivolous word "passion", which Vladimir Petrovich used when talking about his first love, inspires anxiety in the reader. And indeed, the hero is not in a hurry: “But there were some cases; a week has passed, another ... "And fate does not want to wait:" ... When I finally went to the Demut Hotel and asked Mrs. Dolskaya, I found out that she died almost suddenly four days ago<…>". “It was as if something pushed me in my heart,” says the hero. - The thought that I could see her and did not see and will never see her - this bitter thought stabbed into me with all the force of an irresistible reproach.
It is also interesting why Turgenev called his heroine such an unusual name in those days as "Zinaida". Having considered its meaning, it becomes clear that it is this name that characterizes the girl like no other.
Zinaida (Greek) - born of Zeus (in Greek mythology, Zeus is the supreme deity); from the genus of Zeus.
The name Zinaida means divine; belonging to Zeus, that is, God's; from the genus of Zeus; born of Zeus. Bright, bright, cheerful and strong name. It sounds inner strength and concentration, exactingness and serious penetration. This name gives the impression of being armed and invulnerable, like knightly armor.
According to the warehouse of the psyche, Zinaida is a leader. But, when necessary, she will obey a man. This woman with a constant desire for superiority, as they say, with character. A restless and always unsatisfied soul.
Zinaida in the company is the "Empress". In the sea of life - like a fish in water. She is determined and even reckless. She will not give up her interests, but she is not capable of vile deeds. And if it quarrels, then over trifles it quickly cools down. She knows the duty of each to society, to himself.
Zinaida is somewhat cold, but men always pay attention to her. She fools their minds.
“Of all my female types,” Turgenev once said, “I am most pleased with Zinaida in First Love. In it, I managed to present a real, lively face: a coquette by nature, but a coquette, really, attractive”
