Born on September 7, 1870 in the city of Narovchat, Penza region. Father - Ivan Ivanovich Kuprin (1834-1871), official. Mother - Lyubov Alekseevna (1838-1910). In 1880 he entered the Moscow Cadet Corps, and in 1887 - the Alexander Military School. On February 3, 1902, he married Maria Davydova. Since 1907 he began to live with Elizabeth Heinrich. He had three daughters from two marriages. In 1920 he emigrated to France. In 1937 he returned to the USSR. He died on August 25, 1938 at the age of 67. He was buried in St. Petersburg on the Literary bridges of the Volkovsky cemetery. Main works: "Duel", "Pit", "Moloch", "Garnet Bracelet", "Wonderful Doctor" and others.
Alexander Kuprin is an outstanding Russian realist writer of the late 19th century. The writer was born on September 7, 1870 in the county town of Narovchat, Penza region, in the family of a hereditary nobleman. The writer's father, Ivan Ivanovich, died shortly after the birth of his son. Mother, Lyubov Alekseevna, was from the family of Tatar princes. After the death of her husband, she moved to Moscow, where Alexander was sent to an orphanage at the age of six. In 1880, he entered the Moscow Cadet Corps, and in 1887, the Alexander Military School. About the years spent in this school, he will later write in the story "At the Break" and in the novel "Junkers".
The first literary experience of the writer manifested itself in poems that were never published. Kuprin's work was first published in 1889. It was the story "The Last Debut". The writer collected rich material for his future works while serving in the Dnieper Infantry Regiment in 1890. A few years later, his works “Russian Wealth”, “Overnight”, “Inquiry”, “Campaign” and others were published. It is believed that Kuprin was a very greedy person for impressions and liked to lead a wandering lifestyle. He was interested in people of various professions, from engineers to organ grinders. For this reason, the writer could equally well describe various subjects in his books.
The 1890s were fruitful for Kuprin. It was then that one of his best stories, Moloch, was published. In the 1900s, the writer met such literary geniuses as Bunin, Gorky, Chekhov. In 1905, the most significant work of the writer appeared - the story "Duel". This story immediately brought the writer great success, and he began to speak with readings of its individual chapters in the capital. And with the advent of the stories "The Pit" and "Garnet Bracelet", his prose became a significant part of Russian literature.
The turning point in Kuprin's life was the revolution that broke out in the country. In 1920, the writer emigrated to France, where he spent almost seventeen years. It was a kind of quiet period in his work. However, after returning to his homeland, he wrote his last essay, "Moscow is dear." The writer died on the night of August 25, 1938 and was buried on Literatorskie mostki in St. Petersburg.
Life and work of A. I. Kuprin.
The future pen master was born into a noble family on 09/07/1870, in the Penza province, Narovchat. His parents were nobles.
At the age of six, Sasha was assigned to the Moscow Razumov School. The next stage of his education was a military gymnasium, after which, becoming a cadet, he was trained at the Alexander Military School until 1890
G.
At the school, the future master of the word wrote his first youthful poems, some of them have survived to this day. The first publication appeared in 1889
year in a magazine called "Russian satirical sheet" and was called "The Last Debut".
Being in the rank of second lieutenant of an infantry regiment, Kuprin continued to try his pen. His works: “In the Dark”, “Inquiry”, “Moonlight Night” were published in St. Petersburg by the magazine “Russian Wealth”.
Army brutal morals, hopeless boredom and endless drill, averted the military from continuing to serve. Leaving in 1894
year in retirement, he settled in Kiev. After moving to this city, books were published: a book of stories "Miniatures" and a collection of essays "Kyiv types".
For about seven years, Alexander Ivanovich traveled around the expanses of his homeland and mastered various crafts, worked as a land surveyor, fisherman, teacher, actor, and even worked in a circus. The accumulated impressions are reflected in his books. For example, in the story "Moloch" the hopeless exhausting work of factory workers is described. And in 1898
year were created "Polesye stories" and the story "Olesya".
The wanderings ended in 1901
year and the young writer, on the advice of I. Bunin, settled in St. Petersburg and married M. K. Davydova. He was hired by the Magazine for All.
The flowering of the author's talent came in the years between the two revolutions. AT 1905
year saw the light of the story "Duel". She brought Kuprin universal fame. Publications followed one after another, with 1904
by 1917
The following stories were published: "Garnet Bracelet", "Gambrinus", "Emerald", "Shulamith", the story "Pit", as well as the first collected works.
Friendship with M. Gorky and A. Chekhov contributed a lot to the formation of the writer and his participation in society. Alexander Ivanovich helped the rebel sailors from the cruiser Ochakov hide from the police. When the First World War began, Alexander voluntarily joined the army, but was soon demobilized. Upon his return, he placed wounded soldiers in his house in Gatchina.
Changes also affected family life. Divorced from his first wife, he married E. M. Heinrikh. AT 1909
year, the work of the prose writer was awarded the "Pushkin Prize". And in 1915
The complete works of Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin were published.
February Revolution 1917
years brought the prose writer closer to the Social Revolutionaries. He accepted it with enthusiasm, but the new government brought dictatorship and civil war to the country. Disappointed, Kuprin joined Yudenich's army, and in 1920
immigrated with his wife and daughter to France.
Alexander Ivanovich continued to work in immigration. There was created a novel-autobiography "Junker", the books "New stories and stories", "Elan", "Wheel of time". But life abroad turned out to be filled with poverty and nostalgia for their native land. His return to Russia 1937
supported by I. V. Stalin.
At home, the Kuprin family was given a warm welcome, housing and medical services were provided. The writer by that time suffered from cancer of the esophagus. His last essay "Moscow dear" became the final point in the author's work.
Kuprin A.I. died on August 25, 1938 in Leningrad, at the age 67
years. He rests at the Volkovsky cemetery. His wife survived him for a short time, unable to withstand the hunger during the Leningrad blockade, she committed suicide.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is an outstanding Russian realist writer, his works describe events in which he was a participant or an eyewitness. And vividly draw the life and way of life of his contemporaries. With his work, he managed to make a significant contribution to Russian literature.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is a talented and original Russian writer of the late XIX - early XX century. Kuprin's personality, like his work, is an explosive mixture of a nobleman, a noble robber and a poor wanderer. A huge, raw precious nugget, which retains the primitive beauty and strength of character, the power and magnetism of personal charm.
Alexander Kuprin was born on August 26, 1870 in the Penza province. His father was a petty official of noble origin, and his mother's pedigree had Tatar roots. The boy was orphaned early and for almost seventeen years he was in military state institutions - an orphanage, a gymnasium, a cadet, and later, a cadet school. Intellectual inclinations made their way through the armor of military drill, and young Alexander had a dream of becoming a poet or writer. At first there were youthful poems, but after military service in the provincial garrisons, the first stories and novels appear. The novice writer takes the plot of these works from his own life. Kuprin's creative life begins with the story "Inquiry", written in 1894. In the same year, he retires and sets off to wander around the south of Russia. competitions of athletes, worked at a factory in the Donbass, served as a forest ranger in Volhynia, studied to be a dental technician, played in a provincial theater and circus, worked as a surveyor.These wanderings enriched his life and writing experience.Gradually Kuprin becomes a professional writer, printing his works not accepting the October Revolution, Kuprin emigrates and lives abroad until 1937. Nostalgia for his homeland responded not only with a creative decline, but also with physical ill health. .
In 1896, Kuprin wrote and published the story "Moloch", which is the beginning of a new stage in the creative life of a novice writer and a completely new work for Russian literature. Capitalism, despite its progressiveness, is a ruthless moloch that devours the lives and destinies of people to obtain material In 1898 he publishes the story "Olesya", the first of his few works about love. Naive and beautiful in its naivete, the pure love of a forest girl, or as she is called in the district of the “sorceress” Olesya, breaks down on the timidity and indecision of her lover. A person of a different circle and worldview was able to awaken love, but failed to protect his beloved. From the beginning of a new ", 20th century, Kuprin begins to be published in St. Petersburg magazines. The heroes of his works are ordinary people who know how to preserve honor and dignity, not to betray friendship. In 1905, the story "Duel" was published, which the author dedicates to Maxim Gorky. Alexander Ivanovich writes about love and human devotion in the story "Shulamith" and the story "Garnet Bracelet". There are not so many works in world literature that describe such a subtly hopeless, unrequited, and at the same time, selfless feeling of love, as Kuprin does in The Garnet Bracelet.
Ivan Bunin was one of the greatest writers in Russian literature.
The childhood of the writer, who was born in Voronezh, in 1870, passed on the Butyrki farm, near Yelets. Due to a complete inability to do arithmetic and general ill health, Ivan could not study at the gymnasium and after spending 2 years in the 3rd grade, he receives a home education. His teacher was an ordinary student of Moscow University.
From the end of the 1880s, he began to publish his provincial poems. The very first story sent to the journal Russkoye Bogatstvo made admiration for the publisher Mikhailovsky, the author of one of the classic articles about Leo Tolstoy. Bunin is again studying at the gymnasium, but in 1886 he was expelled because he did not have time. For the next 4 years, he lives on his estate, where he is taught by his older brother. In 1889, fate throws him to Kharkov, where he has a rapprochement with the populists. In 1891, his first work, Poems 1887-1891, was published. And at the same time, I begin to publish his works, which have gained immense popularity. In 1900, the story "Antonov apples" appeared, which depicts Russian estates with their own way of life. This work has become a masterpiece of modern prose. Literally 3 years later, Bunin was awarded the Pushkin Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Having been unsuccessfully married 2 times, the writer meets Vera Nikolaevna Muromtseva in St. Petersburg, who was his wife until his last breath. The honeymoon trip, which took place in the eastern countries, was the result of the release of a cycle of essays “The Shadow of a Bird”. When Bunin became a well-known and wealthy gentleman in literary circles, he began to constantly travel and spent almost all the cold season traveling around Turkey, Asia Minor, Greece, Egypt, and Syria.
1909 was a special year for Ivan Alekseevich. He was elected an honorary academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A year later, his first serious work, The Village, was born, where the writer spoke tragically about catastrophic modernity. Hardly survived the October Revolution, the Bunins go to Odessa, and then emigrate to Constantinople. At first, the life of the writer did not develop in the best way. He was gradually running out of money. In 1921, the work “The Gentleman from San Francisco” was published, where Bunin shows the meaninglessness of material human existence. But there were also bright days in his life.
Literary fame in Europe increased, and when once again the question arose of which of the Russian writers would be the first to enter the ranks of Nobel laureates, his name surfaced by itself. On November 9, 1933, Bunin received this award. The financial problem is gone. Reissues followed. Before the war, the writer lived quietly, but in 1936 he was arrested in Germany and soon released. In 1943, his famous "Dark Alleys" came out. Ivan Alekseevich in the last years of his life worked on the book "Memoirs". The writer never finished this work. Bunin died on November 8, 1953 in Paris.
On September 7, 1870, the remarkable writer Kuprin Alexander Ivanovich was born. Immediately after birth, he was left without a father who died of a terrible disease. After 4 years, my mother is forced to move to Moscow. Despite strong love, she sends him to an orphanage school, due to the difficult financial situation.
Later, Kuprin is accepted into a military gymnasium, and he remains to live in Moscow. His talent for writing began to unfold during his school years, and he released his first work in 1889, entitled "The Last Debut", but not everyone approved of it and he receives a reprimand.
In In 1890-1894. he goes to serve near Podolsk. Having finished, he begins to move from city to city and stops at Sevastopol. He did not have a job, so very often there was nothing to eat, despite his service and rank. Despite this, Kuprin at that time was formed as a writer, thanks to good relations with I. A. Bunin, A. P. Chekhov and M. Gorky. And he writes several stories that are in great demand and he is awarded the Pushkin Prize.
When the war began, he did not hesitate to volunteer. In 1915 he was forced to leave due to poor health. But even here he managed to do a useful thing by organizing a hospital at home. After he supported the revolution in 1917 and collaborated with the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. But for unknown reasons, he decides to leave for France and continues his activities there. Then he returns to the USSR, where he was not welcomed so well. On August 25, 1938 he dies in Leningrad.
For kids
Alexander Kuprin, one of the most famous writers in Russia, was born in a family far from literature, from the capital. His father, a petty official, died when his son was barely a year old. Together with his mother, the family moved to Moscow, where the future prose writer spent his childhood and youth.
In St. Petersburg, Alexander Kuprin was too late for this city to fall at his feet at once. The writer was a little over 30. Behind him was not a very successful military career, which ended in the rank of lieutenant, and seven years of ordeal in Kyiv. There Kuprin, who did not have any civilian specialty, tried many professions and settled on literature.
Kuprin practically did not write major works in terms of the number of pages. But he always managed to depict the whole world in a story from a couple of book sheets. The writer's plots are original and dramaturgically tightly tailored: no superfluous words or characters. The reading public immediately noticed the accuracy in everything: in descriptions, epithets, meaning. And Petersburg instantly accepted Kuprin.
At the beginning of the 20th century, he was called everywhere, just to recite his stories. And the enthusiastic audience flooded the stage with flowers, where Alexander Ivanovich read his stories. Kuprin became a literary star. His St. Petersburg seems simple and ordinary, but in Kuprin's stories the city is just a scene. The people who live and work in the northern capital come to the fore.
The main hit of St. Petersburg literary salons at the beginning of the 20th century was the spy story “Staff Captain Rybnikov”. Kuprin read this work for an encore everywhere: in salons, restaurants, student audiences. Actual themes and impeccable dramatic plot riveted the attention of the public. Kuprin was especially pleased. It was at this time that the writer, who lived in St. Petersburg for about a week, became a candidate for deputies of the first State Duma of the Russian Empire.
Kuprin loved his homeland. But the World War that began in 1914 changed him. Now patriotism has become the meaning of his whole life. In the newspapers, the writer campaigned for war loans. And at home, in the Gatchina house, he opened a small military hospital. Kuprin was even called up for war, but he was already weak in health then. Soon he was commissioned.
Returning from the front, Kuprin again began to write a lot. There is more of Petersburg in his stories. Bolsheviks Alexander Kuprin did not accept. They, with their animal desire for power and bestial cruelty, were disgusting to him. According to his views, Kuprin was close to the Socialist-Revolutionaries: not to those who were part of military organizations, but to peaceful socialist revolutionaries.
Kuprin worked as a journalist in Gatchina, but often visited Petrograd. He came to Lenin's reception with a proposal to publish a special newspaper for the village called "Earth". However, the problems of the village interested the Bolsheviks only in words. The newspaper was not established, and Kuprin was imprisoned for 3 days. Having released, they were included in the list of hostages, that is, on any day they could put a bullet in the forehead. Kuprin did not wait and went to the whites.
There he did not fight, but was engaged in journalism. But he never stopped writing stories. He settled his characters in Petrograd, which was close to him. Kuprin did not accept the new government at all, he called it the Soviet of Deputies, and in the end he was forced to emigrate.
Soviet propaganda destroyed the emigrant Kuprin. Political literary critics close to the Kremlin wrote that abroad, the once talented Russian writer went downhill: all he does is drink heavily and write nothing. It wasn't true. Kuprin wrote just as much, but the Petersburg scenery in his stories became less and less.
After 15 years, he wrote a petition to be allowed to return to the USSR. Stalin gave such consent, and Kuprin returned to those places from which he fled during the civil war. In 1937, suffering from cancer, Kuprin returned to his homeland to die. He died a year later, and the authorities of the country of the Soviets began posthumously to make the writer their own.
It wasn't easy. Petersburg Kuprin with his people did not overlap like a transparent tracing paper on the appearance of the city of three revolutions with the name of Lenin. These were two different cities. Whether he recognized Soviet power is definitely difficult to say. But Kuprin could not live without Russia.
Biography by dates and interesting facts. The most important.
Albert Anatolyevich Likhanov is a famous figure, author of many children's works, journalist, academician, winner of many awards.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin is a famous Russian writer and translator. He made a significant contribution to the fund of Russian literature. His works were particularly realistic, thanks to which he received recognition in various sectors of society.
Your attention is invited to a brief biography of Kuprin. She, like everything else, contains a lot.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin was born on August 26, 1870 in the city of Narovchat, in the family of a simple official. When little Alexander was only one year old, his father, Ivan Ivanovich, died.
After the death of her husband, the mother of the future writer, Lyubov Alekseevna, decided to go to Moscow. It was in this city that Kuprin spent his childhood and youth.
When young Sasha was 6 years old, he was sent to study at the Moscow Orphan School, from which he graduated in 1880.
Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin
In 1887, Kuprin was enrolled in the Alexander Military School.
During this period of his biography, he had to face various difficulties, which he would later write about in the stories “At the Break (The Cadets)” and “Junkers”.
Alexander Ivanovich had a good ability to write poetry, but they remained unpublished.
In 1890, the writer served in an infantry regiment with the rank of second lieutenant.
While in this rank, he writes such stories as "Inquest", "In the Dark", "Night Shift" and "Campaign".
In 1894, Kuprin decided to resign, being at that time already in the rank of lieutenant. Immediately after that, he begins to travel around, meeting different people and gaining new knowledge.
During this period, he manages to get acquainted with, Maxim Gorky and.
Kuprin's biography is interesting in that he immediately took all the impressions and experiences he received during his considerable travels as a basis for future works.
In 1905, the story "Duel" was published, which received real recognition in society. In 1911, his most significant work, The Garnet Bracelet, appeared, which made Kuprin truly famous.
It should be noted that it was easy for him to write not only serious literature, but also children's stories.
One of the most important moments in Kuprin's life was the October Revolution. In a short biography it is difficult to describe all the experiences of the writer associated with this time.
Let us briefly note that he categorically refused to accept the ideology of war communism and the terror associated with it. Assessing the current situation, Kuprin almost immediately decides to emigrate to.
In a foreign land, he continues to write novels and short stories, as well as to engage in translation activities. For Alexander Kuprin it was unthinkable to live without creativity, which is clearly seen throughout his biography.
Over time, in addition to material difficulties, Kuprin increasingly begins to experience nostalgia for his homeland. He manages to return back to Russia only after 17 years. Then he writes his last work, which is called "Moscow dear".
Soviet officials benefited from a well-known writer who returned to his homeland. From it they tried to create the image of a repentant writer who came from a foreign land to sing happy.
On the return of Kuprin to the USSR, 1937, Pravda However, in the memos of the competent authorities, it was recorded that Kuprin was weak, ill, unable to work and, practically, unable to write anything.
By the way, that is why information appeared that "Moscow dear" does not belong to Kuprin himself, but to the journalist N.K. Verzhbitsky assigned to him.
August 25, 1938 Alexander Kuprin died of cancer of the esophagus. He was buried in Leningrad at the Volkovskoye cemetery, next to the great writer.
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