Academician A. A. Kharkevich. In November 2004, the institute was named after him.
| Federal State Budgetary Institution Institute for Problems of Information Transmission named after. A.A. Kharkevich RAS (IITP RAS) |
|
|---|---|
| International name | Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute) |
| Based | |
| Director |
2006 - 2016 - Doctor of Engineering. Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences A. P. Kuleshov 1990 - 2006 - Doctor of Engineering. Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences N.A. Kuznetsov |
| Employees | ~400 |
| Location | Moscow |
| Legal address | 127994, Moscow, Bolshoi Karetny per., 19, building 1 |
| Website | iitp.ru |
The main goal of the Institute is to carry out fundamental scientific research and applied developments in the field of problems of transmission, distribution, information processing and control in technical and living systems.
The main areas of scientific activity of the Institute are:
The Institute organizes annual conferences:
Since January 2017, the director of the Institute is Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences Andrei Nikolaevich Sobolevsky (acting duties since February 2016).
Young scientists of the Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences have repeatedly become laureates of awards at various levels:
Anton Kiryanov, Artem Krasilov and Alexander Krotov - Laureates of the Moscow Government Prize for young scientists in the field of information and communication technologies, 2018
Anton Grigoriev, Timur Khanipov and Elena Kuznetsova in the category “Road and railway transport and infrastructure” for the development and implementation of a vehicle classification system (2015)
Alexander Gaifullin in the category “Mathematics, mechanics and computer science” for a number of important discoveries in the field of algebraic topology and combinatorial geometry (2014)
Famous popularizers of science Mikhail Gelfand and Alexander Panchin work at the institute.
The educational structure of the IITP RAS includes:
The graduate school has been working at the IITP RAS since its founding and existed even when the institute was a Laboratory for the development of scientific problems of wired communications. During this time, several hundred candidates of science have been trained who work in various regions of our country and abroad.
The training of scientific and pedagogical personnel in postgraduate programs is carried out at the Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the basis of a License from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. In 2019, according to the results of the accreditation examination of Rosobrnadzor, postgraduate programs have state accreditation for:
Direction: 01.06.01-Mathematics and mechanics
Direction: 02.06.01 - Computer and information sciences
Direction: 06.06.01-Biological sciences
Direction: 09.06.01-Informatics and Computer Science
Prof following directions and profiles or:
Direction: 11.06.01-Electronics, radio engineering and communication systems
The scientific supervision of graduate students is carried out, as a rule, by doctors of science: heads of laboratories and leading specialists of the Institute.
IITP RAS
| Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute for Information Transmission Problems named after. A.A. Kharkevich RAS | |
| (IPPI RAS) | |
| International name |
Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute) |
|---|---|
| Based | |
| Director |
Kuleshov A.P. |
| Employees | |
| Location | |
| Legal address |
127994, Moscow, Bolshoi Karetny per., 19 |
| Website | |
Institute for Information Transmission Problems named after. A.A. Kharkevich RAS- one of the institutes of the Department of Information Technologies and Computing Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Founded in the early 50s and headed until 1965. Corresponding Member of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR Alexander Aleksandrovich Kharkevich.
The main goal of the Institute is to carry out fundamental scientific research and applied developments in the field of problems of transmission, distribution, information processing and control in technical and living systems.
The main areas of scientific activity of the Institute are:
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IITP RAS- Institute of Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow, education and science, Russian Federation...
IPPI- Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences http://www.iitp.ru/ education and science Dictionary: S. Fadeev. Dictionary of abbreviations of the modern Russian language. St. Petersburg: Politekhnika, 1997. 527 pp.... Dictionary of abbreviations and abbreviations
Institution of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute for Information Transmission Problems named after. A.A. Kharkevich RAS (IPPI RAS) ... Wikipedia
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RAS, founded in 1961 in Moscow (laboratory since 1948). Research on information theory, information systems, automated control systems, etc... encyclopedic Dictionary
INFORMATION TRANSMISSION PROBLEMS INSTITUTE (IPPI) RAS was founded in 1961 in Moscow (laboratory since 1948). Research on information theory, information systems, automated control systems, etc... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
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In the areas of research and development of integrated information and telecommunication systems and networks, theoretical foundations of computer science and information technology; information technologies of accumulation, storage, search, processing, transformation, display, protection and transmission of information, cognitive technologies; architecture, system solutions and software of computer systems and networks of new generations.
| Institute of Informatics Problems RAS (IPI RAS) |
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| International name | The Institute of Informatics Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPI RAN) |
| Based | |
| Director | ak. I.A. Sokolov |
| Location | Russia, Moscow |
| Legal address | 119333, Moscow, st. Vavilova, 44, cor. 2. |
| Website | ipiran.ru |
Since June 1, 2015, it has been part of the Federal Research Center “Informatics and Management” on the basis of the Institute for Research Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (director - Academician I.A. Sokolov).
In the early 1980s, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences A.P. Alexandrov and Vice-President of the USSR Academy of Sciences E.P. Velikhov prepared proposals for the leadership of the USSR to expand and strengthen research in the field of informatics and computer technology within the framework of the USSR Academy of Sciences. To implement them, the Department of Informatics, Computer Science and Automation was formed within the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1983 (under the general leadership of E.P. Velikhov), which included the Computing Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences, as well as several newly formed institutes, including including the Institute of Informatics Problems of the USSR Academy of Sciences (IPIAN).
The corresponding resolution of the CPSU Central Committee and the Council of Ministers of the USSR on the creation of the IPIAN is dated July 29, 1983, and the Order of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences is dated August 2, 1983.
Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences B.N. was appointed director-organizer of IPIAN. Naumov, who headed the Institute of Electronic Control Machines of the USSR Ministry of Instrumentation (INEUM). The main task of IPIAN was defined as “...conducting fundamental and applied research in the field of technical and software means of mass computing and systems based on them,” and the basis of the first scientific divisions of IPIAN were the teams of a number of scientific departments of INEUM, transferred to IPIAN in early 1984.
In 1984–85 under the leadership of B.N. Naumov developed the Concept of new generations of computer systems (a kind of response of the USSR and its allies to the strategic program for creating fifth-generation computers, announced in the early 1980s in Japan).
Fundamental and applied research in the implementation of this concept was carried out at IPIAN within the framework of the following comprehensive scientific projects:
In the first years after its founding, the Institute developed rapidly - it included branches in Berdyansk, Kazan, and Orel. In 1990, a joint department was formed with the Radiotechnical Institute in Taganrog. The total number of employees of the institute in 1988–1989. exceeded 1000 people.
Due to market reforms and reductions in budget funding in 1991, the number of employees was reduced fourfold, to 250 people.
Since 1992, the institute has been called the Institute of Informatics Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPI RAS) and is part of the Department of Nanotechnologies and Information Technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (until 2002 - Department of Informatics, Computer Engineering and Automation, in 2002–2007 - Department of Information Technologies and computing systems).
Nowadays the institute includes branches in Orel and Kaliningrad.
Since 1985, the institute has had a dissertation council with the right to defend dissertations for the academic degrees of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences in four specialties: 05.13.11, 05.13.13, 05.13.15 and 05.13.17. Since 1984, the institute has a base department at MIREA (Moscow Institute of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation), where institute staff teach; many graduates of the department work at the IPI RAS.
In 2007, the institute’s staff created an information and telecommunication system for the Russian banking system, in 2008 a unified data bank on counter-terrorism issues was created, and software for virtual observatories is being developed.
Deputy Director for Research - Doctor of Technical Sciences Budzko, Vladimir Igorevich.
Deputy Director - Tsygankov, Viktor Sergeevich.
Structure of scientific departments of the IPI RAS for 2016
Head dept. - Doctor of Technical Sciences Sinitsyn, Igor Nikolaevich.
Head lab. - Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, Professor Seiful-Mulyukov, Rustem Badrievich.
Head lab. - Ph.D. Kozerenko, Elena Borisovna.
Head lab. - Ph.D. Khristochevsky, Sergey Alexandrovich.
Head dept. - Doctor of Technical Sciences Zatsman, Igor Moiseevich.
Head dept. - Doctor of Physics and Mathematics Sinitsyn, Vladimir Igorevich.
Head lab. - Doctor of Physics and Mathematics Grusho, Alexander Alexandrovich.
Head dept. - Ph.D. Stepchenkov, Yuri Afanasyevich.
Head lab. - Ph.D. Zamkovets, Sergey Vsevolodovich.
Head lab. - Ph.D. Ilyushin, Gennady Yakovlevich.
Head lab. - Doctor of Technical Sciences Budzko, Vladimir Igorevich.
Head dept. - Ph.D. Adamovich, Igor Mikhailovich.
Head dept. - Ph.D. Kozlov, Sergey Vitalievich.
Head lab. - Doctor of Technical Sciences Ilyin, Vladimir Dmitrievich.
Head lab. - Ph.D. Zabezhaylo, Mikhail Ivanovich.
Head dept. - Doctor of Technical Sciences Bystrov, Igor Ivanovich.
Head department: academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, professor Kuleshov Alexander Petrovich
Deputy head Department: Ph.D., Associate Professor Burnaev Evgeniy Vladimirovich
Basic organization: Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the DATADVANCE company
Department of Predictive Modeling and Optimization trains specialists in the field of predictive modeling and optimization. This new scientific direction, lying at the intersection of applied mathematics and information technology, is in high demand by leading technology companies. In Russia, the theoretical foundations of predictive modeling and optimization are being developed
and their practical implementation -
| joint Russian-French company DATADVANCE. |
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| The predictive modeling and optimization technology developed by DATADVANCE, as well as its engineering applications, is used by the world's largest high-tech companies (for example, the aircraft manufacturer Airbus, the heavy engineering corporation IHI, etc.). One of the co-founders of the DATADVANCE company is EADS (European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company - the largest European aerospace industry corporation with an annual turnover of about 43 billion euros). At the end of 2010, DATADVANCE became one of the first participants in the Skolkovo innovation center project. |
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The Institute for Problems of Information Transmission of the Russian Academy of Sciences was created in 1961 on the initiative of Academician A.A. Kharkevich for the development of the theory of information transmission and its applications, solving fundamental issues of constructing telecommunication networks and systems, and developing automatic recognition methods.
The IITP RAS has formed a unique team of highly qualified scientists, uniting mathematicians, physicists, biologists, engineers and linguists, which makes it possible to conduct both applied and fundamental research at the intersection of various sciences. IITP RAS is part of the Department of Nanotechnologies and Information Technologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences and conducts scientific research in the following areas:
IITP RAS throughout its entire existence, i.e. for more than 40 years, occupies a leading position in the global scientific community in the field of the theory of information transmission and processing. Three employees of the Institute in 1978, 1998 and 2006, respectively, were awarded the highest prize in the field of mathematics - the Fields Gold Medal. No less important is the fact that theoretical developments are applied by the Institute’s staff to solve practical problems. The customers of the work are often the largest Russian and foreign companies and departments: the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Airbus, Eurocopter, IHI, etc.
In the field of predictive modeling and optimization, scientists of the Institute, in collaboration with other institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, under the leadership of the Director of the Institute of Industrial Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, corresponding member. RAS, prof. Kuleshova A.P., the theoretical foundations of original methods for constructing metamodels with high computational efficiency and the necessary accuracy, as well as methods of multidisciplinary optimization, have been developed.
Metamodels are mathematical models based on data - the results of full-scale and/or computational experiments carried out with various objects of the class under consideration, with minimal involvement of knowledge from the subject area (physics of processes). In other words, the models are “trained” using a variety of prototypes of input and output data and actually imitate (replace) both data sources based on some initial model, and the models themselves, created based on the study of the physics of processes. The use of metamodeling approaches developed at the Institute in multidisciplinary optimization made it possible to significantly speed up calculations, while reducing the number of expensive field/computational experiments.
The developed methods of predictive modeling and optimization make it possible to effectively solve the problems of creating and developing complex modern engineering systems (for example, passenger aircraft).
The development of theoretical developments of the IITP RAS in the field of predictive modeling and optimization, their implementation in commercial software products, implementation and subsequent support is carried out by the DATADVANCE company, one of the co-founders of which was the EADS concern. EADS is the sole shareholder of Airbus S.A.S., which produces passenger, cargo and military transport aircraft. The concern also owns the companies Eurocopter (helicopters), Astrium (satellites, rockets), etc.
Scientific research and subsequent software development are carried out by DATADVANCE in Russia (Moscow). Direct work with customers (performing applied engineering work and training the customer to work with the software) takes place in France (Toulouse), where DATADVANCE also has an office.
The backbone of the DATADVANCE company are graduates of MIPT and Moscow State University. In particular, the technical director of the DATADVANCE company is a graduate of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 2005, Ph.D., Morozov S.M.
One of the key success factors for both the IITP RAS and the DATADVANCE company is the presence of talented, motivated and well-trained young specialists on their staff. That is why the Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Management of MIPT has opened a basic department of predictive modeling and optimization, which is focused on modern and promising areas of applied mathematics and information technology.
Training at the basic department of predictive modeling and optimization is conducted in the direction of "Data Mining" and includes the study of:
As a result of training, the student receives:
The fundamental knowledge acquired by students allows them to be actively involved in scientific research and applied work both as part of the IITP RAS team and in the DATADVANCE company. All students of the department receive an additional scholarship.
Research and production practice and subsequent work at the DATADVANCE company gives students of the department the opportunity to apply their knowledge to solve complex and pressing engineering problems, to work with colleagues from the world's leading research centers (for example, DLR, ONERA) and large Western companies (Airbus, Eurocopter , Mercedes), and at the same time receive a decent salary.
Recruitment to the Department of Predictive Modeling and Optimization is carried out on a competitive basis. While studying at the department, a student:
Thus, studying at the department is
In the Russian educational environment, there is a noticeable decline in the interest of university graduates in enrolling in graduate school and defending a Ph.D. dissertation. How the interaction of scientific institutes with universities works, how they manage to withstand competition for students with IT companies, and why scientific organizations and students themselves need this - using the example of the Institute for Information Transmission Problems.
The article was written for the HSE journal Higher Education in Russia and Beyond - I was lucky enough to be the guest editor of an issue dedicated to the development of computer science.
Formally, my authorship is present in two of the twelve articles; in fact, I took part in the preparation of seven more. Mostly as an editor, and not as an author, but in some articles more than half of the text came out of my hands. I think it would be fair if they appeared on this blog.
The article below was written jointly with the director of the IITP RAS A.N. Sobolevsky.
The format of the magazine involves a description of a certain problem, and not a concept for its solution or development - largely due to the fact that the magazine is designed for a foreign audience unfamiliar with the specifics of education in the CIS, and also has limitations on the volume of materials. Nevertheless, I hope you find it interesting.
Since 2010, a trend has emerged in Russian universities and research organizations that indicates a decline in the interest of university graduates in postgraduate studies and doing science. According to the Federal State Statistics Service, during the period from 2010 to 2015, firstly, enrollment in graduate school decreased - from 54,558 to 31,647 people, and secondly, the share of graduates of graduate school who defended their thesis - from 28.5 % to 18.0%.
The data is presented for all Russian organizations involved in the training of graduate students, and both research institutes and universities show negative dynamics. Thus, during this time, enrollment in postgraduate studies at universities decreased by 42%, in postgraduate studies at scientific institutes - by 37%. The share of graduates who completed their defense in universities fell from 30.3 to 18.8%, in research institutes - from 16.8% to 11.5%.
In the context of declining interest on the part of students in postgraduate studies and defending a candidate’s thesis, the work of scientific institutes with students is of great importance. The Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPPI RAS) is one of the most active scientific organizations in terms of collaboration with universities in the field of computer science. The institute has seven joint educational institutions with partner universities.
In the early 1950s, IPPI became the first specialized center for fundamental research on communications problems in the USSR. The director of the institute was the outstanding scientist and engineer Alexander Kharkevich.
With the advent of modern communications, large-scale logistics and computers in the mid-20th century, mathematics was first directly applied in the technological field. Previously, engineers turned to mechanics, chemists or physicists, and they already used mathematical language in their research. Now mathematicians, with their theorems and concepts, have become direct partners of engineers.
At this junction, the area of technical sciences that we now call “computer science” arose.
Today, the main activities of the institute are conducting fundamental scientific research and applied developments in the fields of information transmission and processing, information processes in technical and living systems, computer linguistics and bioinformatics.
As already mentioned, the institute now has seven educational programs with partner universities. Two programs are being implemented at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, one at the Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov. There are two more educational programs in mathematics at the bachelor’s and master’s degrees in the Faculty of Mathematics of the Higher School of Economics, and, finally, two programs – “Mathematical Methods of Optimization and Stochastics” and “Data Analysis in Biology and Medicine” – are available to master’s students at the Faculty of Computer Science at HSE.
From the very beginning of the institute’s work, the question arose of uniting researchers from different scientific fields into one efficient team. It was relevant especially in connection with the arrival of biologists at the institute - the transmission and processing of information in living systems is carried out efficiently, and to understand exactly how this happens means to learn a lot about technology.
The answer was found thanks to the fact that MIPT graduates began to come to IITP. This leading technical university implements two principles for constructing education: wide disciplinary coverage (for example, it was in the 1950s that MIPT began training biophysicists) and the so-called “Phystech system”, in which in senior years education takes place directly on the territory of scientific and technological partner organizations, which at Phystech are usually called “bases”. In addition to laboratory work, regular lecture courses are also given “at the bases,” but the lecturers are leading scientists - employees of base organizations, and not MIPT professors.
Due to the educational component, the “Phystech system” is more intensive than traditional internships. In some ways, the emerging symbiosis of education and science can be compared with the Unités mixtes de recherche - laboratories of the French National Center for Scientific Research (Centre National de Recherche Scientifique), created in partnership with universities. However, the basis of the “Phystech system” is an educational, not a research unit - a department, not a laboratory.
In the USSR, the “Phystech system” was successfully implemented not only at MIPT, but also at Novosibirsk State University, which is located in the Novosibirsk Academgorodok, Russia’s largest scientific cluster outside of Moscow.
This system is legislatively enshrined in the law on education adopted in Russia in 2012, where the “basic department” is identified as a special form of organizing a partnership between a university and a research organization in the implementation of an educational program.
The system of basic departments allows students to achieve better adaptation to the demands of the labor market through the experience of intensive work and training in companies and scientific organizations - leaders in their industries.
Phystech students come to IITP from their third year. They begin to come to the institute once a week, then more and more often, and subsequently defend two final theses - a bachelor's and a master's thesis. Strong students “take root” and start working either at the institute or in one of its technological spin-off companies. For Physics and Technology students to come to IITP for a master’s degree if they did not study in the corresponding bachelor’s program is not an entirely ordinary trajectory.
The IPPI partnership with HSE is structured differently. The leadership of the National Research University Higher School of Economics strives to ensure that people from all over the country go to master’s programs, and it turns out to be, in a sense, “divorced” from bachelor’s programs. However, in order to properly prepare a research specialist for scientific work, two years is not enough. Therefore, in partnership with the Higher School of Economics, a different practice has developed: students come to IITP for a master’s degree, and then, if everything works out, they move on to graduate school, which gives a total of 5-6 years of preparation.
It is expected that cooperation between IITP and the Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, a new technical university created with the participation of MIT several years ago and focused on training technological innovators, will develop according to a similar pattern.
As for Moscow State University, an entire faculty of bioengineering and bioinformatics works in close cooperation with the Institute of Applied Physics. This makes it possible to begin fruitful work with your future colleagues from the very first courses.
An important element of interaction with universities is that the institute has to take into account their policy in matters of student distribution. In some places, students are given complete independence in terms of choosing their future, in others they are actively trying to integrate them into a strong scientific center.
Today IITP RAS is a modern scientific, educational and innovation center. The Institute's system is developing spin-off companies in the field of data analysis and mathematical modeling, professional communications, and technical vision systems.
For researchers, interaction with universities is an opportunity to prepare their shift. Teachers at universities and researchers at institutes perform similar, but still different roles. Some teach and engage in science to improve their skills, others engage in science and teach so that someone will replace them in the future.
It is not easy to find, but it is even more difficult to retain this shift - globalization forces competition for young specialists with companies and scientific organizations around the world. In this sense, competitive salaries are important, but interest in the work also plays a huge role.
Scientific work requires individual selection, and the team of a scientific group or laboratory is rarely large. However, when starting to work with a student, no one - neither he himself nor his supervisor - can predict whether the scientific work will be successful. Therefore, the flow of students through the basic department and laboratories of the IITP must exceed the institute’s own need for new researchers. Where do those who do not stay at the institute go?
The specificity of IPPI research as an institute working in the field of computer science and information and communication technologies involves the transfer of the results of scientific activity to industry. Such a transfer can be accomplished both through the implementation of research work under contracts with industrial companies, and through the creation of spin-off companies (“small innovative enterprises” in the terminology of Russian legislation), intended for the development and commercialization of technology prototypes created as a result of fundamental scientific research .
